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The development of quantum technologies has been accelerating in the last decade, turning them into emerging technologies that need explicit attention by decision-makers at national funding agencies, companies and governments. In this paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 Pieter E. Vermaas , Luca Possati , Zeki C. Seskir

Internet-scale quantum repeater networks will be heterogeneous in physical technology, repeater functionality, and management. The classical control necessary to use the network will therefore face similar issues as Internet data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-21 Rodney Van Meter , Joe Touch , Dominic Horsman

To realize a global quantum Internet, there is a need for communication between quantum subnetworks. To accomplish this task, there have been multiple design proposals for a quantum backbone network and quantum subnetworks. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Francesco Vista , Daniel Holme , Stephen DiAdamo

The distribution of entangled states across the nodes of a future quantum internet will unlock fundamentally new technologies. Here we report on the experimental realization of a three-node entanglement-based quantum network. We combine…

In the quantum repeater networks of the quantum Internet, the varying stability of entangled quantum links makes dynamic topology adaption an emerging issue. Here we define an efficient topology adaption method for quantum repeater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-01 Laszlo Gyongyosi , Sandor Imre

The quantum internet is envisioned as the ultimate stage of the quantum revolution, which surpasses its classical counterpart in various aspects, such as the efficiency of data transmission, the security of network services, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Kun Fang , Jingtian Zhao , Xiufan Li , Yifei Li , Runyao Duan

Quantum computers are emerging as a viable alternative to tackle certain computational problems that are challenging for classical computers. With the rapid development of quantum hardware such as those based on trapped ions, there is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Saikat Ray Majumder , Annarita Giani , Weiwei Shen , Bogdan Neculaes , Daiwei Zhu , Sonika Johri

Quantum networks are of great interest of late which apply quantum mechanics to transfer information securely. One of the key properties which are exploited is entanglement to transfer information from one network node to another.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Dibakar Das , Shiva Kumar Malapaka , Jyotsna Bapat , Debabrata Das

Quantum information theory is built upon the realisation that quantum resources like coherence and entanglement can be exploited for novel or enhanced ways of transmitting and manipulating information, such as quantum cryptography,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-08 Gerardo Adesso , Thomas R. Bromley , Marco Cianciaruso

Networked entanglement is an essential component for a plethora of quantum computation and communication protocols. Direct transmission of quantum signals over long distances is prevented by fibre attenuation and the no-cloning theorem,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Simon J. Devitt , Andrew D. Greentree , Ashley M. Stephens , Rodney Van Meter

With its significant security potential, the quantum internet is poised to revolutionize technologies like cryptography and communications. Although it boasts enhanced security over traditional networks, the quantum internet still…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zebo Yang , Ali Ghubaish , Raj Jain , Ala Al-Fuqaha , Aiman Erbad , Ramana Kompella , Hassan Shapourian , Reza Nejabati

One of the biggest concerns among cybersecurity professionals these days is the hype around quantum computing, its incomprehensible power, and its implications. The advancement in quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize our…

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-03-15 Tajdar Jawaid

We consider quantum and private communications assisted by repeaters, from the basic scenario of a single repeater chain to the general case of an arbitrarily-complex quantum network, where systems may be routed through single or multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-17 Stefano Pirandola

Quantum Communications Networks using the properties of qubits, namely state superposition, no-cloning and entanglement, can enable the exchange of information in a very secure manner across optical links or free space. New innovations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-01 Dinesh Verma , Eden Figueroa , Gabriella Carini , Mark Ritter

Quantum computing is poised to redefine the algorithmic foundations of communication systems. While quantum superposition and entanglement enable quadratic or exponential speedups for specific problems, identifying use cases where these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Naoki Ishikawa , Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu , Petar Popovski , Robert W. Heath

Many protocols of quantum information processing, like quantum key distribution or measurement-based quantum computation, "consume" entangled quantum states during their execution. When participants are located at distant sites, these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-16 Michael Epping , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Distributed quantum information processing seeks to overcome the scalability limitations of monolithic quantum devices by interconnecting multiple quantum processing nodes via classical and quantum communication. This approach extends the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Johannes Knörzer , Xiaoyu Liu , Benjamin F. Schiffer , Jordi Tura

Networks constitute efficient tools for assessing universal features of complex systems. In physical contexts, classical as well as quantum, networks are used to describe a wide range of phenomena, such as phase transitions, intricate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-22 Jaroslav Novotný , Gernot Alber , Igor Jex

Following the emergence of quantum computing, the subsequent quantum revolution will be that of interconnecting individual quantum computers at global level. In the same way that classical computers only realised their full potential with…

Large-scale quantum networks with thousands of nodes require scalable network protocols and physical hardware to realize. In this work, we introduce packet switching as a new paradigm for quantum data transmission in both future and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Stephen DiAdamo , Bing Qi , Glen Miller , Ramana Kompella , Alireza Shabani