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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities by integrating visual and textual inputs, yet modality alignment remains one of the most challenging aspects. Current MLLMs typically rely on simple adapter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yuanyang Yin , Yaqi Zhao , Yajie Zhang , Yuanxing Zhang , Ke Lin , Jiahao Wang , Xin Tao , Pengfei Wan , Wentao Zhang , Feng Zhao

Large-scale visual-language pre-trained models have achieved significant success in various video tasks. However, most existing methods follow an "adapt then align" paradigm, which adapts pre-trained image encoders to model video-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yifei Chen , Dapeng Chen , Ruijin Liu , Sai Zhou , Wenyuan Xue , Wei Peng

In this study, we are interested in imbuing robots with the capability of physically-grounded task planning. Recent advancements have shown that large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge useful in robotic tasks, especially in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Yingdong Hu , Fanqi Lin , Tong Zhang , Li Yi , Yang Gao

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires grounding instructions, such as "turn right and stop at the door", to routes in a visual environment. The actual grounding can connect language to the environment through multiple modalities,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Ronghang Hu , Daniel Fried , Anna Rohrbach , Dan Klein , Trevor Darrell , Kate Saenko

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has achieved impressive performance on various cross-modal downstream tasks. However, most existing methods can only learn from aligned image-caption data and rely heavily on expensive regional features,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Wei Li , Can Gao , Guocheng Niu , Xinyan Xiao , Hao Liu , Jiachen Liu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) systems have demonstrated strong capabilities in embodied manipulation. However, most existing VLA policies rely on limited observation windows and end-to-end action prediction, which makes them brittle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhen Liu , Xinyu Ning , Zhe Hu , Xinxin Xie , Weize Li , Zhipeng Tang , Chongyu Wang , Zejun Yang , Hanlin Wang , Yitong Liu , Zhongzhu Pu

Autonomous drones capable of interpreting and executing high-level language instructions in unstructured environments remain a long-standing goal. Yet existing approaches are constrained by their dependence on hand-crafted skills, extensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qianzhong Chen , Naixiang Gao , Suning Huang , JunEn Low , Timothy Chen , Jiankai Sun , Mac Schwager

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models rely on 2D inputs, lacking integration with the broader realm of the 3D physical world. Furthermore, they perform action prediction by learning a direct mapping from perception to action,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Haoyu Zhen , Xiaowen Qiu , Peihao Chen , Jincheng Yang , Xin Yan , Yilun Du , Yining Hong , Chuang Gan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a generalist robotic agent. However, existing VLAs are hindered by excessive parameter scales, prohibitive pre-training requirements, and limited applicability to diverse embodiments. To…

In Model Predictive Control (MPC), world models predict the future outcomes of various action proposals, which are then scored to guide the selection of the optimal action. For visuomotor MPC, the score function is a distance metric between…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Quanyi Li , Lan Feng , Haonan Zhang , Wuyang Li , Letian Wang , Alexandre Alahi , Harold Soh

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is a task where an agent navigates in an embodied indoor environment under human instructions. Previous works ignore the distribution of sample difficulty and we argue that this potentially degrade their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Jiwen Zhang , Zhongyu Wei , Jianqing Fan , Jiajie Peng

Understanding how Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models transform multimodal knowledge into embodied control remains an open challenge. We present VLA-Trace, a progressive diagnostic framework that analyzes VLA models through a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Haoyuan Shi , Xiancong Ren , Yingji Zhang , Qinfan Zhang , Jiayu Hu , Haozhe Shan , Han Dong , Jinpeng Lu , Yinda Chen , Yi Zhang , Yong Dai , Xiaozhu Ju

This paper addresses the challenge of fine-grained alignment in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks, where robots navigate realistic 3D environments based on natural language instructions. Current approaches use contrastive learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Yuhang Song , Mario Gianni , Chenguang Yang , Kunyang Lin , Te-Chuan Chiu , Anh Nguyen , Chun-Yi Lee

Achieving versatile robot locomotion requires motor skills which can adapt to previously unseen situations. We propose a Multi-Expert Learning Architecture (MELA) that learns to generate adaptive skills from a group of representative expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Chuanyu Yang , Kai Yuan , Qiuguo Zhu , Wanming Yu , Zhibin Li

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have enabled robotic agents to integrate multimodal understanding with action execution. However, our empirical analysis reveals that current VLAs struggle to allocate visual attention…

VLA models have shown promising potential in embodied navigation by unifying perception and planning while inheriting the strong generalization abilities of large VLMs. However, most existing VLA models rely on reactive mappings directly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Shaoan Wang , Yuanfei Luo , Xingyu Chen , Aocheng Luo , Dongyue Li , Chang Liu , Sheng Chen , Yangang Zhang , Junzhi Yu

Vision language pre-training aims to learn alignments between vision and language from a large amount of data. Most existing methods only learn image-text alignments. Some others utilize pre-trained object detectors to leverage vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Yan Zeng , Xinsong Zhang , Hang Li , Jiawei Wang , Jipeng Zhang , Wangchunshu Zhou

Recently proposed fine-grained 3D visual grounding is an essential and challenging task, whose goal is to identify the 3D object referred by a natural language sentence from other distractive objects of the same category. Existing works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Dailan He , Yusheng Zhao , Junyu Luo , Tianrui Hui , Shaofei Huang , Aixi Zhang , Si Liu

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on instruction-following tasks by integrating pretrained visual encoders with large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wayner Barrios , Andrés Villa , Juan León Alcázar , SouYoung Jin , Bernard Ghanem

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models pre-trained on large, diverse datasets show remarkable potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation. However, a primary bottleneck remains in adapting these models to downstream tasks, especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yang Zhang , Chenwei Wang , Ouyang Lu , Yuan Zhao , Yunfei Ge , Zhenglong Sun , Xiu Li , Chi Zhang , Chenjia Bai , Xuelong Li