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Superconducting circuits are a strong contender for realizing quantum computing systems, and are also successfully used to study quantum optics and hybrid quantum systems. However, their cryogenic operation temperatures and the current lack…

Quantum technologies promise a radically new way to solve classically intractable computing problems. Superconducting circuits as a platform are at the forefront of this field. The cryogenic operation temperatures of superconducting…

Superconducting quantum processors are a leading platform for implementing practical quantum computation algorithms. Although superconducting quantum processors with hundreds of qubits have been demonstrated, their further scaling up is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Yiyu Zhou , Yufeng Wu , Chunzhen Li , Mohan Shen , Likai Yang , Jiacheng Xie , Hong X. Tang

For superconducting quantum processors, microwave signals are delivered to each qubit from room-temperature electronics to the cryogenic environment through coaxial cables. Limited by the heat load of cabling and the massive cost of…

Superconducting quantum computers require microwave control lines running from room temperature to the mixing chamber of a dilution refrigerator. Adding more lines without preliminary thermal modeling to make predictions risks overwhelming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Naomi Raicu , Tom Hogan , Xian Wu , Mehrnoosh Vahidpour , David Snow , Matthew Hollister , Mark Field

Cryogenic systems necessitate extensive data transmission between room-temperature and cryogenic environments, as well as within the cryogenic temperature domain. High-speed, low-power data transmission is pivotal to enabling the deployment…

A robust cryogenic infrastructure in form of a wired, thermally optimized dilution refrigerator is essential for present and future solid-state based quantum processors. Here, we engineer an extensible cryogenic setup, which minimizes…

Quantum communication at microwave frequencies has been fundamentally constrained by the susceptibility of microwave photons to thermal noise, hindering their application in scalable quantum networks. Here we demonstrate a…

Quantum communication in the microwave regime is set to play an important role in distributed quantum computing and hybrid quantum networks. However, typical superconducting quantum circuits require millikelvin temperatures for operation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 W. K. Yam , S. Gandorfer , F. Fesquet , M. Handschuh , K. E. Honasoge , A. Marx , R. Gross , K. G. Fedorov

Current superconducting quantum computing platforms face significant scaling challenges, as individual signal lines are required for control of each qubit. This wiring overhead is a result of the low level of integration between control…

Quantum computers have great potential to solve problems which are intractable on classical computers. However, quantum processors have not yet reached the required scale to run applications which outperform traditional computers. Leading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 M. J. Weaver , G. Arnold , H. Weaver , S. Gröblacher , R. Stockill

Delivering on the revolutionary promise of a universal quantum computer will require processors with millions of quantum bits (qubits). In superconducting quantum processors, each qubit is individually addressed with microwave signal lines…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 F. Lecocq , F. Quinlan , K. Cicak , J. Aumentado , S. A. Diddams , J. D. Teufel

The need for larger mK cooling platforms is being driven by the desire to host ever growing numbers of cryogenic qubits in quantum computing platforms. As part of the Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center at Fermilab funded…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-07-13 Matthew Hollister , Ram Dhuley , Grzegorz Tatkowski

Scaling superconducting quantum computers to the fault-tolerant regime calls for a commensurate scaling of the classical control and readout stack. Today's systems largely rely on room-temperature, rack-based instrumentation connected to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Shiro Kawabata

Superconducting microwave circuits with Josephson junctions are a major platform for quantum computing. To unleash their full capabilities, the cooperative operation of multiple microwave superconducting circuits is required. Therefore,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Bingzhi Zhang , Jing Wu , Linran Fan , Quntao Zhuang

A scaled-up quantum computer will require a highly efficient control interface that autonomously manipulates and reads out large numbers of qubits, which for solid-state implementations are usually held at millikelvin (mK) temperatures.…

Quantum microwave transmission is key to realizing modular superconducting quantum computers and distributed quantum networks. A large number of incoherent photons are thermally generated within the microwave frequency spectrum. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-05 Montasir Qasymeh , Hichem Eleuch

With the demand for scalable cryogenic microwave circuitry continuously rising, recently developed flexible microwave striplines offer the tantalyzing perspective of increasing the cabling density by an order of magnitude without thermally…

Today's hundred-qubit quantum computers require a dramatic scale up to millions of qubits to become practical for solving real-world problems. Although a variety of qubit technologies have been demonstrated, scalability remains a major…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-31 Sanskriti Joshi , Sajjad Moazeni

Sharing information coherently between nodes of a quantum network is at the foundation of distributed quantum information processing. In this scheme, the computation is divided into subroutines and performed on several smaller quantum…

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