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The loss of plasticity in learning agents, analogous to the solidification of neural pathways in biological brains, significantly impedes learning and adaptation in reinforcement learning due to its non-stationary nature. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiashun Liu , Johan Obando-Ceron , Aaron Courville , Ling Pan

The brain is a nonlinear and highly Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This RNN is surprisingly plastic and supports our astonishing ability to learn and execute complex tasks. However, learning is incredibly complicated due to the brain's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Mohammad Modiri

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are biologically inspired machine learning models that build on dynamic neuronal models processing binary and sparse spiking signals in an event-driven, online, fashion. SNNs can be implemented on neuromorphic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Hyeryung Jang , Nicolas Skatchkovsky , Osvaldo Simeone

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a popular spatio-temporal computing paradigm for complex vision tasks. Recently proposed SNN training algorithms have significantly reduced the number of time steps (down to 1) for improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Gourav Datta , Zeyu Liu , Anni Li , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a biologically grounded and energy-efficient alternative to conventional neural architectures; however, they struggle with long-range temporal dependencies due to fixed synaptic and membrane time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Sarim Chaudhry

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are artificial computational models that have been inspired by the brain's ability to naturally encode and process information in the time domain. The added temporal dimension is believed to render them more…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-05-29 S. R. Nandakumar , Irem Boybat , Manuel Le Gallo , Evangelos Eleftheriou , Abu Sebastian , Bipin Rajendran

This paper introduces Stress-Aware Learning, a resilient neural training paradigm in which deep neural networks dynamically adjust their optimization behavior - whether under stable training regimes or in settings with uncertain dynamics -…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ashkan Shakarami , Yousef Yeganeh , Azade Farshad , Lorenzo Nicole , Stefano Ghidoni , Nassir Navab

Neuromorphic engineers aim to develop event-based spiking neural networks (SNNs) in hardware. These SNNs closer resemble dynamics of biological neurons than todays' artificial neural networks and achieve higher efficiency thanks to the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-06-25 Hajar Asgari , BabakMazloom-Nezhad Maybodi , Raphaela Kreiser , Yulia Sandamirskaya

Bio-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are now demonstrating comparable accuracy to intricate convolutional neural networks (CNN), all while delivering remarkable energy and latency efficiency when deployed on neuromorphic hardware. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Gourav Datta , Zeyu Liu , James Diffenderfer , Bhavya Kailkhura , Peter A. Beerel

Starting with small and simple concepts, and gradually introducing complex and difficult concepts is the natural process of human learning. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) aim to mimic the way humans process information, but current SNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Lingling Tang , Jiangtao Hu , Hua Yu , Surui Liu , Jielei Chu

General results from statistical learning theory suggest to understand not only brain computations, but also brain plasticity as probabilistic inference. But a model for that has been missing. We propose that inherently stochastic features…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-17 David Kappel , Stefan Habenschuss , Robert Legenstein , Wolfgang Maass

Regarded as the third generation of neural networks, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have garnered significant traction due to their biological plausibility and energy efficiency. Recent advancements in large models necessitate spiking…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Chenlin Zhou , Sihang Guo , Jiaqi Wang , Dongyang Ma , Jin Cheng , Qingyan Meng , Zhengyu Ma , Yonghong Tian

Although representation learning methods developed within the framework of traditional neural networks are relatively mature, developing a spiking representation model remains a challenging problem. This paper proposes an event-based method…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Amirhossein Tavanaei , Timothee Masquelier , Anthony Maida

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), the models inspired by the mechanisms of real neurons in the brain, transmit and represent information by employing discrete action potentials or spikes. The sparse, asynchronous properties of information…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Yongbo Zhang , Katsuma Inoue , Mitsumasa Nakajima , Toshikazu Hashimoto , Yasuo Kuniyoshi , Kohei Nakajima

A fundamental aspect of learning in biological neural networks is the plasticity property which allows them to modify their configurations during their lifetime. Hebbian learning is a biologically plausible mechanism for modeling the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Anil Yaman , Giovanni Iacca , Decebal Constantin Mocanu , Matt Coler , George Fletcher , Mykola Pechenizkiy

The brain can learn to execute a wide variety of tasks quickly and efficiently. Nevertheless, most of the mechanisms that enable us to learn are unclear or incredibly complicated. Recently, considerable efforts have been made in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Mohammad Modiri

Recent developments in machine-learning algorithms have led to impressive performance increases in many traditional application scenarios of artificial intelligence research. In the area of deep reinforcement learning, deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Malte Schilling , Helge Ritter , Frank W. Ohl

Deep artificial neural networks famously struggle to learn from non-stationary streams of data. Without dedicated mitigation strategies, continual learning is associated with continuous forgetting of previous tasks and a progressive loss of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-29 Suzanne van der Veldt , Gido M. van de Ven , Sanne Moorman , Guillaume Etter

Precise spatio-temporal patterns of neuronal action potentials underly e.g. sensory representations and control of muscle activities. However, it is not known how the synaptic efficacies in the neuronal networks of the brain adapt such that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-02-24 Christian Albers , Maren Westkott , Klaus Pawelzik

The spiking neural network (SNN) mimics the information processing operation in the human brain, represents and transmits information in spike trains containing wealthy spatial and temporal information, and shows superior performance on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Yi Zeng