Related papers: The rack congruence condition and half congruences…
We categorify the theory of Lie algebras beginning with a new notion of categorified vector space, or `2-vector space', which we define as an internal category in Vect, the category of vector spaces. We then define a `semistrict Lie…
The controllability condition for finite dimensional quantum systems, the Lie Algebra Rank Condition, has been stated assuming that the right invariant differential system under consideration is bilinear. We remark that this assumption is…
In this paper we initiate the study of racks from the combined perspective of combinatorics and finite group theory. A rack R is a set with a self-distributive binary operation. We study the combinatorics of the partially ordered set {\cal…
We use mathematical induction to prove that the horizontal composition in the class of coherently diagonal complexes is indeed a binary operation. That is to say, the embedding of two coherently diagonal complexes in an alternating planar…
This paper reveals a categorical equivalence connecting two distinct quantum logic structures. The first is the orthomodular lattice, an algebraic system designed to formalize the properties of quantum systems. The second is a finitary…
A well-known theorem factors a scalar coefficient differential operator given a linearly independent set of functions in its kernel. The goal of this paper is to generalize this useful result to other types of operators. In place of the…
Quandle 2-cocycles define invariants of classical and virtual knots, and extensions of quandles. We show that the quandle 2-cocycle invariant with respect to a non-trivial $2$-cocycle is constant, or takes some other restricted form, for…
Given a lattice $\mathbb{L}$ and a class $K$ of algebraic structures, we say that $\mathbb{L}$ \emph{forces nilpotency} in $K$ if every algebra $\mathbf{A} \in K$ whose congruence lattice $\mathrm{Con} (\mathbf{A})$ is isomorphic to…
Two finite Alexander quandles with the same number of elements are isomorphic iff their Z[t,t^-1]-submodules Im(1-t) are isomorphic as modules. This yields specific conditions on when Alexander quandles of the form Z_n[t,t^-1]/(t-a) where…
Consider complex semisimple Lie algebras of a given dimension specified by their structure constants. We describe a finite collection of rational functions in the structure constants that form a complete set of invariants: two sets of…
A quandle is an algebraic structure whose axioms correspond to the Reidemeister moves of knot theory. S. Kamada introduced the notion of a quandle with a good involution, which is later called a symmetric quandle. We are interested in the…
We consider various homological operations on homology of quandles. We introduce the notion of quandle partial derivatives, and extreme chains on which appropriate partial derivatives vanish. Extreme chains yield homological operations. We…
In this paper we introduce and study a variety of algebras that properly includes integral distributive commutative residuated lattices and weak Heyting algebras. Our main goal is to give a characterization of the principal congruences in…
Semifields are semirings in which every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse. A rough classification uses the characteristic of the semifield, that is the isomorphism type of the semifield generated by the two neutral elements. For…
We introduce and investigate a natural family of metrics on connected components of a rack. The metrics are closely related to certain bi-invariant metrics on the group of inner automorphisms of the rack. We also introduce a bounded…
Weakly dicomplemented lattices are bounded lattices equipped with two unary operations to encode a negation on {\it concepts}. They have been introduced to capture the equational theory of concept algebras \cite{Wi00}. They generalize…
Starting from the observation that distinct notions of copying have arisen in different categorical fields (logic and computation, contrasted with quantum mechanics) this paper addresses the question of when, or whether, they may coincide.…
Algebraic structures with multiple copies of a given type of operations interrelated by various compatibility conditions have long being studied in mathematics and mathematical physics. They are broadly referred as linearly compatible,…
The concept of a clone is central to many branches of mathematics, such as universal algebra, algebraic logic, and lambda calculus. Abstractly a clone is a category with two objects such that one is a countably infinite power of the other.…
The rank of a finite algebraic structure with a single binary operation is the minimum number of elements needed to express every other element under the closure of the operation. In the case of groups, the previous best algorithm for…