Related papers: MAPS: Constraining Serendipitous Time Variability …
The volatile contents of protoplanetary disks both set the potential for planetary chemistry and provide valuable probes of defining disk system characteristics such as stellar mass, gas mass, ionization, and temperature structure. Current…
We present the first high-resolution sub-mm survey of both dust and gas for a large population of protoplanetary disks. Characterizing fundamental properties of protoplanetary disks on a statistical level is critical to understanding how…
The formation of planets occurs within protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars, resulting in perturbation of the gas and dust surface densities. Here, we report the first evidence of spatially resolved gas surface density…
The central star and its energetic radiation fields play a vital role in setting the vertical and radial chemical structure of planet-forming disks. We present observations that, for the first time, clearly reveal the UV-irradiated surface…
Observations of CO isotopologue emission from protoplanetary disks at millimeter wavelengths are a powerful tool for probing the CO snowline, an important marker for disk chemistry, and also for estimating total disk gas mass, a key…
The distributions and abundances of molecules in protoplanetary disks are powerful tracers of the physical and chemical disk structures. The abundance ratios of HCN and its isomer HNC are known to be sensitive to gas temperature. Their line…
The mass of a protoplanetary disk limits the formation and future growth of any planet. Masses of protoplanetary disks are usually calculated from measurements of the dust continuum emission by assuming an interstellar gas-to-dust ratio. To…
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) revolutionised our understanding of protoplanetary discs. However, the available data have not given conclusive answers yet on the underlying disc evolution mechanisms (viscosity or…
According to the current paradigm of circumstellar disk evolution, gas-rich primordial disks evolve into gas-poor debris disks compose of second-generation dust. To explore the transition between these phases, we searched for $^{12}$CO,…
Despite intensive studies of protoplanetary disks, there is still no reliable way to determine their total mass and their surface density distribution, quantities that are crucial for describing both the structure and the evolution of disks…
We study the content in S-bearing molecules of protoplanetary disks around low-mass stars. We used the new IRAM 30-m receiver EMIR to perform simultaneous observations of the $1_{10}-1_{01}$ line of H$_2$S at 168.8 GHz and $2_{23}-1_{12}$…
During the million years of evolution, gas dust and ice in protoplanetary disks can be chemically reprocessed. There are evidences that the gas-phase carbon and oxygen abundances are sub-solar in disks belonging to nearby star forming…
The extended ultraviolet (XUV) disk galaxies are one of the most interesting objects studied in the last few years. The UV emission, revealed by GALEX, extends well beyond the optical disk, after the drop of H$\alpha$ emission, the usual…
The Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) Large Program provides a detailed, high resolution (${\sim}$10-20 au) view of molecular line emission in five protoplanetary disks at spatial scales relevant for planet formation.…
Mid-infrared spectroscopy of protoplanetary disks provides a chemical inventory of gas within a few au, where planets are readily detected around older stars. With the JWST Disk Infrared Spectral Chemistry Survey (JDISCS), we explore…
Sulfur-bearing molecules play an important role in prebiotic chemistry and planet habitability. They are also proposed probes of chemical ages, elemental C/O ratio, and grain chemistry processing. Commonly detected in diverse astrophysical…
Gas kinematics are an important part of the planet formation process. Turbulence influences planetesimal growth and migration from the scale of sub-micron dust grains through gas-giant planets. Radio observations of resolved molecular line…
The results of single-dish observations of low- and high-J transitions of selected molecules from protoplanetary disks around two TTauri stars (LkCa15 and TWHya) and two HerbigAe stars (HD163296 and MWC480) are reported. Simple molecules…
We present ALMA observations of a wide binary system in Orion, with projected separation 440 AU, in which we detect submillimeter emission from the protoplanetary disks around each star. Both disks appear moderately massive and have strong…
Observations of submillimeter lines of CO (up to J=6-5), HCO+, HCN (up to J=4-3) and their isotopes from circumstellar disks around low mass pre-main sequence stars are presented. The different line ratios and optical depths indicate that…