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Lifelong learning aims to train a model with good performance for new tasks while retaining the capacity of previous tasks. However, some practical scenarios require the system to forget undesirable knowledge due to privacy issues, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Lianlei Shan , Wenzhang Zhou , Wei Li , Xingyu Ding

Practical machine learning systems often operate in multiple sequential stages, as seen in ranking and recommendation systems, which typically include a retrieval phase followed by a ranking phase. Effectively assessing prediction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yunpeng Xu , Mufang Ying , Wenge Guo , Zhi Wei

Given the inherent non-stationarity prevalent in real-world applications, continual Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to equip the agent with the capability to address a series of sequentially presented decision-making tasks. Within this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Feng Chen , Fuguang Han , Cong Guan , Lei Yuan , Zhilong Zhang , Yang Yu , Zongzhang Zhang

Continual learning techniques employ simple replay sample selection processes and use them during subsequent tasks. Typically, they rely on labeled data. In this paper, we depart from this by automatically selecting prototypes stored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Agil Aghasanli , Yi Li , Plamen Angelov

Life-long learning aims at learning a sequence of tasks without forgetting the previously acquired knowledge. However, the involved training data may not be life-long legitimate due to privacy or copyright reasons. In practical scenarios,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Jingwen Ye , Yifang Fu , Jie Song , Xingyi Yang , Songhua Liu , Xin Jin , Mingli Song , Xinchao Wang

Catastrophic forgetting and capacity saturation are the central challenges of any parametric lifelong learning system. In this work, we study these challenges in the context of sequential supervised learning with an emphasis on recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

For ambiguous queries, conventional retrieval systems are bound by two conflicting goals. On the one hand, they should diversify and strive to present results for as many query intents as possible. On the other hand, they should provide…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Karthik Raman , Thorsten Joachims , Pannaga Shivaswamy

In learning-to-learn the goal is to infer a learning algorithm that works well on a class of tasks sampled from an unknown meta distribution. In contrast to previous work on batch learning-to-learn, we consider a scenario where tasks are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-23 Giulia Denevi , Carlo Ciliberto , Dimitris Stamos , Massimiliano Pontil

As the applications of large language models (LLMs) expand across diverse fields, the ability of these models to adapt to ongoing changes in data, tasks, and user preferences becomes crucial. Traditional training methods, relying on static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Junhao Zheng , Shengjie Qiu , Chengming Shi , Qianli Ma

Lifelong learning can be viewed as a continuous transfer learning procedure over consecutive tasks, where learning a given task depends on accumulated knowledge --- the so-called knowledge base. Most published work on lifelong learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Changjian Shui , Ihsen Hedhli , Christian Gagné

Foundational Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel across diverse tasks, but adapting them to new domains without forgetting prior knowledge remains a critical challenge. Continual Learning (CL) addresses this challenge by enabling models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Vaibhav Singh , Rahaf Aljundi , Eugene Belilovsky

In lifelong learning, an agent learns throughout its entire life without resets, in a constantly changing environment, as we humans do. Consequently, lifelong learning comes with a plethora of research problems such as continual domain…

Large language models (LLMs) can learn vast amounts of knowledge from diverse domains during pre-training. However, long-tail knowledge from specialized domains is often scarce and underrepresented, rarely appearing in the models'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Shuyang Yu , Runxue Bao , Parminder Bhatia , Taha Kass-Hout , Jiayu Zhou , Cao Xiao

Continual fine-tuning aims to adapt a pre-trained backbone to new tasks sequentially while preserving performance on earlier tasks whose data are no longer available. Existing approaches fall into two categories which include input- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hang Thi-Thuy Le , Long Minh Bui , Minh Hoang , Trong Nghia Hoang

Multi-stage information retrieval (IR) has become a widely-adopted paradigm in search. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively evaluated as second-stage reranking models for monolingual IR, a systematic large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Longfei Zuo , Pingjun Hong , Oliver Kraus , Barbara Plank , Robert Litschko

Conventional approaches to relation extraction usually require a fixed set of pre-defined relations. Such requirement is hard to meet in many real applications, especially when new data and relations are emerging incessantly and it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Hong Wang , Wenhan Xiong , Mo Yu , Xiaoxiao Guo , Shiyu Chang , William Yang Wang

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has been applied in many scenarios to augment large language models (LLMs) with external documents provided by retrievers. However, a semantic gap exists between LLMs and retrievers due to differences in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Fuda Ye , Shuangyin Li , Yongqi Zhang , Lei Chen

Despite the remarkable performance of large-scale generative models in open-domain conversation, they are known to be less practical for building real-time conversation systems due to high latency. On the other hand, retrieval models could…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Beomsu Kim , Seokjun Seo , Seungju Han , Enkhbayar Erdenee , Buru Chang

It is challenging to perform lifelong language learning (LLL) on a stream of different tasks without any performance degradation comparing to the multi-task counterparts. To address this issue, we present Lifelong Language Knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yung-Sung Chuang , Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong promise as rerankers, especially in ``listwise'' settings where an LLM is prompted to rerank several search results at once. However, this ``cascading'' retrieve-and-rerank approach is limited…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Mandeep Rathee , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand