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We address the task of unsupervised Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) by ensembling diverse pre-trained sentence encoders into sentence meta-embeddings. We apply, extend and evaluate different meta-embedding methods from the word embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Nina Poerner , Ulli Waltinger , Hinrich Schütze

Large multilingual language models such as mBERT or XLM-R enable zero-shot cross-lingual transfer in various IR and NLP tasks. Cao et al. (2020) proposed a data- and compute-efficient method for cross-lingual adjustment of mBERT that uses a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Pavel Efimov , Leonid Boytsov , Elena Arslanova , Pavel Braslavski

This paper introduces a sentence to vector encoding framework suitable for advanced natural language processing. Our latent representation is shown to encode sentences with common semantic information with similar vector representations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-30 Chi Zhang , Shagan Sah , Thang Nguyen , Dheeraj Peri , Alexander Loui , Carl Salvaggio , Raymond Ptucha

Spatial audio formats like Ambisonics are playback device layout-agnostic and well-suited for applications such as teleconferencing and virtual reality. Conventional Ambisonic encoding methods often rely on spherical microphone arrays for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Yue Qiao , Vinay Kothapally , Meng Yu , Dong Yu

Deepfake (DF) audio detectors still struggle to generalize to out of distribution inputs. A central reason is spectral bias, the tendency of neural networks to learn low-frequency structure before high-frequency (HF) details, which both…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ido Nitzan HIdekel , Gal lifshitz , Khen Cohen , Dan Raviv

Multilingual sentence encoders have seen much success in cross-lingual model transfer for downstream NLP tasks. Yet, we know relatively little about the properties of individual languages or the general patterns of linguistic variation that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Rochelle Choenni , Ekaterina Shutova

Voice anti-spoofing systems are crucial auxiliaries for automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems. A major challenge is caused by unseen attacks empowered by advanced speech synthesis technologies. Our previous research on one-class…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-08 Siwen Ding , You Zhang , Zhiyao Duan

Abstractive summarization aims to generate concise summaries by creating new sentences, allowing for flexible rephrasing. However, this approach can be vulnerable to inaccuracies, particularly `hallucinations' where the model introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chaimae Chellaf , Salima Mdhaffar , Yannick Estève , Stéphane Huet

We present an easy and efficient method to extend existing sentence embedding models to new languages. This allows to create multilingual versions from previously monolingual models. The training is based on the idea that a translated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Nils Reimers , Iryna Gurevych

The Semantic Layered Embedding Diffusion (SLED) mechanism redefines the representation of hierarchical semantics within transformer-based architectures, enabling enhanced contextual consistency across a wide array of linguistic tasks. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Irin Kabakum , Thomas Montgomery , Daniel Ravenwood , Genevieve Harrington

We introduce the SEER (Span-based Emotion Evidence Retrieval) Benchmark to test Large Language Models' (LLMs) ability to identify the specific spans of text that express emotion. Unlike traditional emotion recognition tasks that assign a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Aneesha Sampath , Oya Aran , Emily Mower Provost

We present a simple yet effective approach to build multilingual speech-to-text (ST) translation by efficient transfer learning from pretrained speech encoder and text decoder. Our key finding is that a minimalistic LNA (LayerNorm and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Xian Li , Changhan Wang , Yun Tang , Chau Tran , Yuqing Tang , Juan Pino , Alexei Baevski , Alexis Conneau , Michael Auli

We propose a new approach for learning contextualised cross-lingual word embeddings based on a small parallel corpus (e.g. a few hundred sentence pairs). Our method obtains word embeddings via an LSTM encoder-decoder model that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata , Yuji Matsumoto , Timothy Baldwin , Jey Han Lau

End-to-end speech recognition is a promising technology for enabling compact automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems since it can unify the acoustic and language model into a single neural network. However, as a drawback, training of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Yotaro Kubo , Shigeki Karita , Michiel Bacchiani

We introduce Perception Encoder (PE), a state-of-the-art vision encoder for image and video understanding trained via simple vision-language learning. Traditionally, vision encoders have relied on a variety of pretraining objectives, each…

In this paper, we describe our submission to the WMT19 low-resource parallel corpus filtering shared task. Our main approach is based on the LASER toolkit (Language-Agnostic SEntence Representations), which uses an encoder-decoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Vishrav Chaudhary , Yuqing Tang , Francisco Guzmán , Holger Schwenk , Philipp Koehn

Data scarcity and the modality gap between the speech and text modalities are two major obstacles of end-to-end Speech Translation (ST) systems, thus hindering their performance. Prior work has attempted to mitigate these challenges by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ioannis Tsiamas , Gerard I. Gállego , José A. R. Fonollosa , Marta R. Costa-jussà

We live in a world where 60% of the population can speak two or more languages fluently. Members of these communities constantly switch between languages when having a conversation. As automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are being…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Siddharth Dalmia , Yuzong Liu , Srikanth Ronanki , Katrin Kirchhoff

Semantic text representation is a fundamental task in the field of natural language processing. Existing text embedding (e.g., SimCSE and LLM2Vec) have demonstrated excellent performance, but the values of each dimension are difficult to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yile Wang , Zhanyu Shen , Hui Huang

We propose new static word embeddings optimised for sentence semantic representation. We first extract word embeddings from a pre-trained Sentence Transformer, and improve them with sentence-level principal component analysis, followed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Takashi Wada , Yuki Hirakawa , Ryotaro Shimizu , Takahiro Kawashima , Yuki Saito