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The power graph of a group $G$, denoted as $P(G)$, constitutes a simple undirected graph characterized by its vertex set $G$. Specifically, vertices $a,b$ exhibit adjacency exclusively if $a$ belongs to the cyclic subgroup generated by $b$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Dhawlath. G , Raja. V

Let $G$ be a graph, and let $w$ be a positive real-valued weight function on $V(G)$. For every subset $S$ of $V(G)$, let $w(S)=\sum_{v \in S} w(v).$ A non-empty subset $S \subset V(G)$ is a weighted safe set of $(G,w)$ if, for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Shinya Fujita , Tadashi Sakuma , Boram Park

Let $G(V, E)$ be a simple connected graph, with $|E| = \epsilon.$ In this paper, we define an edge-set graph $\mathcal G_G$ constructed from the graph $G$ such that any vertex $v_{s,i}$ of $\mathcal G_G$ corresponds to the $i$-th…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Johan Kok , N. K. Sudev , K. P. Chithra

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and $\mu$ be an adjacency eigenvalue of $G$ with multiplicity $k\geq 1$. A star complement $H$ for $\mu$ in $G$ is an induced subgraph of $G$ of order $n-k$ with no eigenvalue $\mu$, and the vertex subset…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Xiaona Fang , Lihua You , Rangwei Wu , Yufei Huang

A graph $\G$ admitting a group $H$ of automorphisms acting semi-regularly on the vertices with exactly two orbits is called a {\em bi-Cayley graph\/} over $H$. Such a graph $\G$ is called {\em normal\/} if $H$ is normal in the full…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-16 Marston Conder , Jin-Xin Zhou , Yan-Quan Feng , Mi-Mi Zhang

We consider latin square graphs $\Gamma = \rm{LSG}(H)$ of the Cayley table of a given finite group $H$. We characterize all pairs $(\Gamma,G)$, where $G$ is a subgroup of autoparatopisms of the Cayley table of $H$ such that $G$ acts…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-19 Carmen Amarra

A connected, locally finite graph $\Gamma$ is a Cayley--Abels graph for a totally disconnected, locally compact group $G$ if $G$ acts vertex-transitively with compact, open vertex stabilizers on $\Gamma$. Define the minimal degree of $G$ as…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Arnbjörg Soffía Árnadóttir , Waltraud Lederle , Rögnvaldur G. Möller

We consider Cayley sum graphs over the cyclic group $\mathbb{Z}_n$ and aim to explore several necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of total perfect codes in these graphs. Specifically, we examine various cases for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Masoumeh Koohestani , Doost Ali Mojdeh , Mohsen Ghasemi

We construct a Cayley graph $\mathbf{Cay}_S(\Gamma)$ of a hyperbolic group $\Gamma$ such that there are elements $g,h\in\Gamma$ and a point $\gamma \in \partial_\infty\Gamma = \partial_\infty\mathbf{Cay}_S(\Gamma)$ such that the sets…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-02 Nicholas Touikan

Let G be a finite group with identity e and H \neq \{e\} be a subgroup of G. The generalized non-coprime graph GAmma_{G,H} of G with respect to H is the simple undirected graph with G - \{e \}\) as the vertex set and two distinct vertices a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-04 S. Anukumar Kathirvel , Peter J. Cameron , T. Tamizh Chelvam

Let $G$ be a $2$-generated group. The generating graph $\Gamma(G)$ is the graph whose vertices are the elements of $G$ and where two vertices $g_1$ and $g_2$ are adjacent if $G = \langle g_1, g_2 \rangle.$ This graph encodes the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Andrea Lucchini , Daniele Nemmi

Let $ G $ be a graph. A subset $S \subseteq V(G) $ is called a total dominating set if every vertex of $G$ is adjacent to at least one vertex of $S$. The total domination number, $\gamma_{t}$($G$), is the minimum cardinality of a total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-30 Saieed Akbari , Pooyan Ehsani , Sahar Qajar , Ali Shameli , Hadi Yami

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, a set $S \subseteq V$ is a $[1,2]$-set if it is a dominating set for $G$ and each vertex $v \in V \setminus S$ is dominated by at most two vertices of $S$, i.e. $1 \leq \vert N(v) \cap S \vert \leq 2$. Moreover a set…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-07-21 P. Sharifani , M. R. Hooshmandasl

Perfect code in Cayley graphs and Cayley sum graphs is studied extensively in recent years. In this paper, we consider perfect code in generalized Cayley graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Liao Qianfen , Liu Weijun

In this paper, we introduce the concept of $k$-integral graphs. A graph $\Gamma$ is called $k$-integral if the extension degree of the splitting field of the characteristic polynomial of $\Gamma$ over rational field $\mathbb Q$ is equal to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Alireza Abdollahi , Majid Arezoomand , Tao Feng , Shixin Wang

It has long been known that a vertex-transitive graph $\Gamma$ is isomorphic to a double coset graph $\text{Cos}(G,H,S)$ of a transitive group $G\le\text{Aut}(\Gamma)$, a vertex stabilizer $H\le G$, and some subset $S\subseteq G$. We show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-03 Rachel Barber , Ted Dobson

It is shown that a flat subgroup, $H$, of the totally disconnected, locally compact group $G$ decomposes into a finite number of subsemigroups on which the scale function is multiplicative. The image, $P$, of a multiplicative semigroup in…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Cheryl E. Praeger , Jacqui Ramagge , George Willis

In this paper, we characterize the sets $\mathcal{H}$ of connected graphs such that there exists a constant $c=c(\mathcal{H})$ satisfying $\gamma (G)\leq c$ for every connected $\mathcal{H}$-free graph $G$, where $\gamma (G)$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Michitaka Furuya

The codegree of an irreducible character $\chi$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as $|G:\ker\chi|/\chi(1)$. The codegree graph $\Gamma(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$, where two distinct…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Jiyong Chen , Ni Du , Leyi Li

Let $G= (V,E)$ be a finite graph. For $d_0>0$ we say that $G$ is $d_0$-regular, if every $v\in V$ has degree $d_0$. We say that $G$ is $(d_0, d_1)$-regular, for $0<d_1<d_0$, if $G$ is $d_0$ regular and for every $v\in V$, the subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-28 Ehud Friedgut , Yonatan Iluz