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We present a new approach for spatiotemporal focusing through complex scattering media by wave front shaping. Using a nonlinear feedback signal to shape the incident pulsed wave front, we show that the limit of a spatiotemporal matched…

Spatio-temporal shaping of electron beams is a bold frontier in electron microscopy, enabling new routes toward spatial-resolution enhancement, selective probing, low-dose imaging and faster data acquisition. Over the last decade, shaping…

This paper presents space-time varying (STV) metasurfaces for simultaneously controlling the spatial and temporal spectra of electromagnetic waves. These metasurfaces transform incident electromagnetic waves into specified reflected and…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-02 Nima Chamanara , Yousef Vahabzadeh , Christophe Caloz

Orbital angular momentums (OAMs) of light can be categorized into longitudinal OAM (L-OAM) and transverse OAM (T-OAM). Light carrying time-varying L-OAM, known as self-torqued light, was recently discovered during harmonic generation and…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-30 Xin Liu , Chunhao Liang , Qian Cao , Yangjian Cai , Qiwen Zhan

When an optical pulse is focused into a multimode waveguide or fiber, the energy is divided among the available guided modes. Consequently, the initially localized intensity spreads transversely, the spatial profile undergoes rapid…

Optics · Physics 2023-06-07 Abbas Shiri , Kenneth L. Schepler , Ayman F. Abouraddy

Using time as an additional design parameter in electromagnetism, photonics, and wave physics is attracting considerable research interest, motivated by the possibility to explore physical phenomena and engineering opportunities beyond the…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-12 Matteo Ciabattoni , Zeki Hayran , Francesco Monticone

It has long been established that turbulent jets comprise large-scale coherent structures, now more commonly referred to as "wavepackets". These structures exhibit a remarkable spatio-temporal organisation, despite turbulence. In this work…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-27 Onofrio Semeraro , Francois Lusseyran , Luc Pastur , Peter Jordan

We theoretically propose a synthetic frequency dimension scheme to control the spectrum of a light beam propagating through an array of evanescently coupled waveguides modulated in time by a propagating sound wave via the acousto-optical…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-01 Francesco S. Piccioli , Alexander Szameit , Iacopo Carusotto

Long-range speckle correlations play an essential role in wave transport through disordered media, but have rarely been studied in other complex systems. Here we discover spatio-temporal intensity correlations for an optical pulse…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-24 Wen Xiong , Chia Wei Hsu , Hui Cao

Space-time-modulated systems have attracted significant interest over the past decade due to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves in unprecedented ways. Here, we introduce a new type of space-time-modulated structure, the…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-01 Amir Bahrami , Klaas De Kinder , Zhiyu Li , Christophe Caloz

Optical techniques for spatiotemporal control can produce laser pulses with custom amplitude, phase, or polarization structure. In nonlinear optics and plasma physics, the use of structured pulses typically follows a forward design…

Light can be confined transversely and delivered axially in a waveguide. However, waveguides are lossy static structures whose modal characteristics are fundamentally determined by the boundary conditions, and thus cannot be readily changed…

We introduce the unique class of propagation-invariant surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) representing pulsed surface wave packets propagating along unpatterned metal-dielectric interfaces and are localized in all dimensions - with…

The dynamics of quantum systems can be approximated by the time propagation of Gaussian wave packets. Applying a time dependent variational principle, the time evolution of the parameters of the coupled Gaussian wave packets can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-01 T. Fabcic , J. Main , G. Wunner

Space-time wave packets (STWPs) are pulsed fields in which a strictly prescribed association between the spatial and temporal frequencies yields surprising and useful behavior. However, STWPs to date have been synthesized using bulky…

Space-time materials are obtained by modulating a physical medium with a traveling-wave perturbation of one or several of its constitutive parameters, such as the density or the bulk modulus in the case of acoustic materials. When this…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-10 J. Galiana , J. Redondo , R. Picó , V. J. Sánchez-Morcillo

Time-variant systems have recently garnered considerable attention due to their unique potentials in manipulating electromagnetic waves. Here, a novel class of topological spacetime crystals is introduced, with a traveling-wave modulation…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-24 João C. Serra , Mário G. Silveirinha

Because surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are surface waves characterized by one free transverse dimension, the only monochromatic diffraction-free spatial profiles for SPPs are cosine and Airy waves. Pulsed SPP wave packets have been…

Vortex dynamics are intriguing and challenging across multiple physics fields. In optics, customized spatiotemporally structured optical fields, especially spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOV), offer the potential to tailor light via…

The engineering of the optical properties of materials in space and time is opening further directions and possibilities to control wave propagation in four dimensions (x,y,z,t). A key example of such modulations are time interfaces where…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-14 Andrew M. Naylor , Victor Pacheco-Peña