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This paper introduces a generalized federated prompt-tuning framework for practical scenarios where local datasets are multi-modal and exhibit different distributional patterns of missing features at the input level. The proposed framework…

Foundation models (FMs) have shown great promise in medical imaging, but most FMs are trained on unimodal data within isolated domains, such as brain MRI alone. Human aging and disease arise through coordinated biological processes across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Qiangqiang Wu , Grace McIlvain , Zhou Yu , Junhao Wen

Synthesizing MR imaging sequences is highly relevant in clinical practice, as single sequences are often missing or are of poor quality (e.g. due to motion). Naturally, the idea arises that a target modality would benefit from multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Hongwei Li , Johannes C. Paetzold , Anjany Sekuboyina , Florian Kofler , Jianguo Zhang , Jan S. Kirschke , Benedikt Wiestler , Bjoern Menze

Medical multi-modal learning is critical for integrating information from a large set of diverse modalities. However, when leveraging a high number of modalities in real clinical applications, it is often impractical to obtain full-modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chenwei Wu , Zitao Shuai , Liyue Shen

Multimodal learning benefits from multiple modal information, and each learned modal representations can be divided into uni-modal that can be learned from uni-modal training and paired-modal features that can be learned from cross-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Guimin Hu , Yi Xin , Lijie Hu , Zhihong Zhu , Hasti Seifi

Purpose: Different Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities of the same anatomical structure are required to present different pathological information from the physical level for diagnostic needs. However, it is often difficult to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-15 Yuchen Fei , Bo Zhan , Mei Hong , Xi Wu , Jiliu Zhou , Yan Wang

Developing effective multimodal data fusion strategies has become increasingly essential for improving the predictive power of statistical machine learning methods across a wide range of applications, from autonomous driving to medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ziyi Liang , Annie Qu , Babak Shahbaba

In recent years, multimodal medical data-based survival analysis has attracted much attention. However, real-world datasets often suffer from the problem of incomplete modality, where some patient modality information is missing due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yi Yin , Yuntao Shou , Zao Dai , Yun Peng , Tao Meng , Wei Ai , Keqin Li

Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for brain tumor segmentation, with many methods leveraging its four key modalities to capture complementary information for effective sub-region analysis. However, the absence of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sha Tao , Jiao Pan , Yu Guo , Chao Yao

Efficient modal feature fusion strategy is the key to achieve accurate segmentation of brain glioma. However, due to the specificity of different MRI modes, it is difficult to carry out cross-modal fusion with large differences in modal…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-21 Dong Chen , Boyue Zhao , Yi Zhang , Meng Zhao

Multimodal Federated Learning frequently encounters challenges of client modality heterogeneity, leading to undesired performances for secondary modality in multimodal learning. It is particularly prevalent in audiovisual learning, with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Tiantian Feng , Tuo Zhang , Salman Avestimehr , Shrikanth S. Narayanan

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction is a fundamental task aimed at recovering high-quality images from undersampled or low-quality MRI data. This process enhances diagnostic accuracy and optimizes clinical applications. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Xiaoyan Kui , Zijie Fan , Zexin Ji , Qinsong Li , Chengtao Liu , Weixin Si , Beiji Zou

Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET-MRI) systems can obtain functional and anatomical scans. PET suffers from a low signal-to-noise ratio. Meanwhile, the k-space data acquisition process in MRI is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-12 Taofeng Xie , Zhuo-Xu Cui , Chen Luo , Huayu Wang , Congcong Liu , Yuanzhi Zhang , Xuemei Wang , Yanjie Zhu , Guoqing Chen , Dong Liang , Qiyu Jin , Yihang Zhou , Haifeng Wang

We introduce FedSGM, a unified framework for federated constrained optimization that addresses four major challenges in federated learning (FL): functional constraints, communication bottlenecks, local updates, and partial client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Antesh Upadhyay , Sang Bin Moon , Abolfazl Hashemi

Dealing with missing modalities in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and overcoming their negative repercussions is considered a hurdle in biomedical imaging. The combination of a specified set of modalities, which is selected depending on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-15 Reza Azad , Nika Khosravi , Mohammad Dehghanmanshadi , Julien Cohen-Adad , Dorit Merhof

Multimodal-attributed graphs (MMAGs) provide a unified framework for modeling complex relational data by integrating heterogeneous modalities with graph structures. While centralized learning has shown promising performance, MMAGs in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xunkai Li , Yuming Ai , Yinlin Zhu , Haodong Lu , Yi Zhang , Guohao Fu , Bowen Fan , Qiangqiang Dai , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

The integration of compressed sensing and parallel imaging (CS-PI) provides a robust mechanism for accelerating MRI acquisitions. However, most such strategies require the explicit formation of either coil sensitivity profiles or a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Wanqing Zhu , Bing Guan , Shanshan Wang , Minghui Zhang , Qiegen Liu

Multimodal Federated Learning (MFL) with mixed modalities enables unimodal and multimodal clients to collaboratively train models while ensuring clients' privacy. As a representative sample of local data, prototypes offer an approach with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Keke Gai , Mohan Wang , Jing Yu , Dongjue Wang , Qi Wu

Multimodal Federated Learning (MMFL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative training, but real-world clinical applications often suffer from within-modality missingness caused by sensor intermittency or irregular sampling. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wugeng Zheng , Ziwen Kan , Katie Wang , Chen Chen , Song Wang

As medical diagnoses increasingly leverage multimodal data, machine learning models are expected to effectively fuse heterogeneous information while remaining robust to missing modalities. In this work, we propose a novel multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yi Gu , Kuniaki Saito , Jiaxin Ma
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