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We present a molecular dynamics simulation method for the computation of the solubility of organic crystals in solution. The solubility is calculated based on the equilibrium free energy difference between the solvated solute and its…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-23 Zoran Bjelobrk , Dan Mendels , Tarak Karmakar , Michele Parrinello , Marco Mazzotti

Accurate prediction of a gas solubility in a liquid is crucial in many areas of chemistry, and a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism of the gas solvation continues to be an active area of research. Here, we extend the idea of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-07 Narjes Ansari , Tarak Karmakar , Michele Parrinello

The chemical potential of a component in a solution is defined as the free energy change as the amount of the component changes. Computing this fundamental thermodynamic property from atomistic simulations is notoriously difficult, because…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-12 Bingqing Cheng

We combine molecular dynamics simulations with experiments to estimate solubilities of organic salts in complex growth environments. We predict the solubility by simulations of the growth and dissolution of ions at the crystal surface kink…

A widely spread method of crystal preparation is to precipitate it from a supersaturated solution. In such a process, control of solution concentration is of paramount importance. Nucleation process, polymorph selection, and crystal habits…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-07-10 Tarak Karmakar , Pablo M. Piaggi , Michele Parrinello

In this review we focus on the determination of phase diagrams by computer simulation with particular attention to the fluid-solid and solid-solid equilibria. The calculation of the free energy of solid phases using the Einstein crystal and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-01-14 C. Vega , E. Sanz , J. L. F. Abascal , E. G. Noya

Using a recently developed technique to estimate the equilibrium free energy of glassy materials, we explore if equilibrium simulation methods can be used to estimate the solubility of amorphous solids. As an illustration, we compute the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-07 H. A. Vinutha , Daan Frenkel

Molecular dynamics simulations at a constant electric potential are an essential tool to study electrochemical processes, providing microscopic information on the structural, thermodynamic, and dynamical properties. Despite the numerous…

We propose a generalisation of molecular density functional theory to describe inhomogeneous solvent mixture, with the objective of modelling electrolytic solutions. Two electrolytic models are presented, both within the HNC approximation.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Guillaume Jeanmairet , Luc Belloni , Daniel Borgis

Solvation free energy is an important quantity in Computational Chemistry with a variety of applications, especially in drug discovery and design. The accurate prediction of solvation free energies of small molecules in water is still a…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Hildebrandt , O. Kohlbacher , R. Blossey , H. -P. Lenhof

Despite the modern level of development of computational chemistry methods and techno-logical progress, fast and accurate determination of solvation free energy remains a huge problem for physical chemists. In this paper, we describe two…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 N. N. Kalikin , Y. A. Budkov , A. L. Kolesnikov , D. V. Ivlev , M. A. Krestyaninov , M. G. Kiselev

Controlling polymorphism in molecular crystals is crucial in the pharmaceutical, dye, and pesticide industries. However, its theoretical description is extremely challenging, due to the associated long timescales ($ > 1 \, \mu s$). We…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-02-09 Oren Elishav , Roy Podgaetsky , Olga Meikler , Barak Hirshberg

Solvent can occupy up to ~70% of macromolecular crystals and hence having models that predict solvent distributions in periodic systems could improve in the interpretation of crystallographic data. Yet there are few implicit solvent models…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Jonathon G. Gray , George M. Giambaşu , David A. Case , Tyler Luchko

Life on Earth depends upon the dissolution of ionic salts in water, particularly NaCl. However, an atomistic scale understanding of the process remains elusive. Simulations lend themselves conveniently to studying dissolution since they…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Niamh O'Neill , Christoph Schran , Stephen J. Cox , Angelos Michaelides

The solvation free energy (SFE) of molecules and ions is a fundamental property governing their solvation behavior and solubility. Molecular simulations offer a route to compute SFEs using alchemical free energy methods, such as…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Junting Yu , Shuo-Hui Li , Ding Pan

Molecular crystals often exist in multiple competing polymorphs, showing significantly different physico-chemical properties. Computational crystal structure prediction is key to interpret and guide the search for the most stable or useful…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-09-16 Mariana Rossi , Piero Gasparotto , Michele Ceriotti

Ionic liquids are widely used as electrolytes in electrochemical devices. In this context, many experimental and theoretical approaches have been recently developed for characterizing their interface with electrodes. In this perspective…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-09-13 Céline Merlet , Benjamin Rotenberg , Paul Madden , Mathieu Salanne

Chemical thermodynamic models of solvent and solute activities predict the equilibrium behaviour of aqueous solutions. How-ever, these models are semi-empirical. They represent micro-scale ion and solvent behaviours that control the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Xiangwen Wang , Simon L. Clegg , Devis Di Tommaso

The association of ions in electrolyte solutions at very low concentration and low temperature is studied using computer simulations and quasi-chemical ion-pairing theory. The specific case of the restricted primitive model (charged hard…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-09-23 Chantal Valeriani , Philip J. Camp , Jos W. Zwanikken , René van Roij , Marjolein Dijkstra

Although aqueous electrolytes are among the most important solutions, the molecular simulation of their intertwined properties of chemical potentials, solubility and activity coefficients has remained a challenging problem, and has…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-06-29 Ivo Nezbeda , Filip Moučka , William R. Smith
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