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Intuitively, the totality of physical reality -- the Cosmos -- has a beginning only if (i) all parts of the Cosmos agree on the direction of time (the Direction Condition) and (ii) there is a boundary to the past of all non-initial…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-08-28 Daniel Linford

An idealised experiment estimating the spacetime topology is considered in both classical and quantum frameworks. The latter is described in terms of histories approach to quantum theory. A procedure creating combinatorial models of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. B. Breslav , G. N. Parfionov , R. R. Zapatrin

We propose a new constructive model of the real continuum based on the notion of fractal definability. Rather than assuming the continuum as a completed uncountable totality, we view it as the cumulative result of a vast space of stratified…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Stanislav Semenov

We investigate three aspects of the supposed problem of time: The disagreement between the treatments of time in general relativity and quantum theory, the problem of recovering time from within an isolated Universe and the prevalence of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 K. L. H. Bryan , A. J. M. Medved

Is the universe finite or infinite, and what shape does it have? These fundamental questions, of which relatively little is known, are typically studied within the context of the standard model of cosmology where the universe is assumed to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-02 Gregory J. Galloway , Marcus A. Khuri , Eric Woolgar

I briefly consider the Kuhnian notion of "paradigm shifts" applied to the history of mathematics and argue that the succession and intergenerational continuity of mathematical thought was undeservedly neglected in the historical studies. To…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-12-04 Yuri I. Manin

Following the approach of Julien Lesgourgues [astro-ph/0409426], we analyze the mathematical structure of the time co-ordinate of present day cosmological models, where these models include a cosmological constant term to account for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 George Sparling

The hypothesis concerning the off-site continuum existence is investigated from the point of view of the mathematical theory of sets. The principles and methods of the mathematical description of the physical objects from different off-site…

General Physics · Physics 2007-06-04 A. V. Novikov-Borodin

In this paper we propose that cosmological time is a quantum observable that does not commute with other quantum operators essential for the definition of cosmological states, notably the cosmological constant. This is inspired by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-11 Joao Magueijo , Lee Smolin

"The mathematization of time has limits," writes Derrida in Ousia and Gramme. Taking this quote in all possible senses, this paper considers Derrida's definition of limit as gramme, trace, and aporia, and develops the mathematization of all…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Jan Cao

Recently Burrage, de Rham, Heisenberg and Tolley have constructed eternal, classical solutions with closed timelike curves (CTCs) in a Galileon model coupled to an auxiliary scalar field. These theories contain at least two distinct metrics…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-11-20 Jarah Evslin

The existence of time machines, understood as spacetime constructions exhibiting physically realised closed timelike curves (CTCs), would raise fundamental problems with causality and challenge our current understanding of classical and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 G. M. Shore

The conceptual definition and understanding of time, both quantitatively and qualitatively is of the utmost difficulty and importance. As time is incorporated into the proper structure of the fabric of spacetime, it is interesting to note…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-21 Francisco S. N. Lobo

The conceptual definition and understanding of the nature of time, both qualitatively and quantitatively is of the utmost difficulty and importance, and plays a fundamental role in physics. Physical systems seem to evolve in paths of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-14 Francisco S. N. Lobo

Czachor's recent proposal introduces a form of non-Newtonian calculus built by pulling back arithmetic operations through arbitrary bijections between continua. Although the idea is mathematically inventive, it runs into serious conceptual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Mikołaj Sienicki , Krzysztof Sienicki

The notion of time in cosmology is revealed through an examination of transition matrix elements of radiative processes occurring in the cosmos. To begin with, the very concept of time is delineated in classical physics in terms of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 R. Brout , R. Parentani

A mathematical definition of classical causality over discrete spacetime dynamics is formulated. The approach is background free and permits a definition of causality in a precise way whenever the spacetime dynamics permits. It gives a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 George Jaroszkiewicz

Set-theoretical, physical, and intuitive notions of continuum are compared. It is shown that the independence of the continuum hypothesis determines status and properties of the set of intermediate cardinality. The intermediate set is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 O. Yaremchuk

This review aims to cover the central aspects of current research in cosmic topology from a topological and observational perspective. Beginning with an overview of the basic concepts of cosmology, it is observed that though a determinant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Jaspreet Sandhu

We are used to the fact that most if not all physical theories are based on the set of real numbers (or another associative division algebra). These all have a cardinality larger than that of the natural numbers, i.e. form a continuum. It…

General Physics · Physics 2022-10-07 Mate Csanad