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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are now commonly used in many domains. However, they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: carefully crafted perturbations on data inputs that can fool a model into making incorrect predictions. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Nilaksh Das , Haekyu Park , Zijie J. Wang , Fred Hohman , Robert Firstman , Emily Rogers , Duen Horng Chau

Adversarial attacks present a significant risk to the integrity and performance of graph neural networks, particularly in tasks where graph structure and node features are vulnerable to manipulation. In this paper, we present a novel model,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shakib Khan , A. Ben Hamza , Amr Youssef

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as the dominant approach for machine learning on graph-structured data. However, concerns have arisen regarding the vulnerability of GNNs to small adversarial perturbations. Existing defense methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Sofiane Ennadir , Yassine Abbahaddou , Johannes F. Lutzeyer , Michalis Vazirgiannis , Henrik Boström

Existing studies have shown that Message-Passing Graph Neural Networks (MPNNs) are highly susceptible to adversarial attacks. In contrast, despite the increasing importance of Graph Transformers (GTs), their robustness properties are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Philipp Foth , Lukas Gosch , Simon Geisler , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve remarkable performance for tasks on graph data. However, recent works show they are extremely vulnerable to adversarial structural perturbations, making their outcomes unreliable. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Ao Zhang , Jinwen Ma

A cursory reading of the literature suggests that we have made a lot of progress in designing effective adversarial defenses for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Yet, the standard methodology has a serious flaw - virtually all of the defenses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Felix Mujkanovic , Simon Geisler , Stephan Günnemann , Aleksandar Bojchevski

Recent studies show that graph neural networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing backdoor attacks against GNNs use fixed-pattern triggers and lack reasonable trigger constraints, overlooking individual graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Xuewen Dong , Jiachen Li , Shujun Li , Zhichao You , Qiang Qu , Yaroslav Kholodov , Yulong Shen

This paper studies the vulnerability of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to adversarial attacks on node features and graph structure. Various methods have implemented adversarial training to augment graph data, aiming to bolster the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinluan Yang , Ruihao Zhang , Zhengyu Chen , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

Recent research has revealed that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are susceptible to adversarial attacks targeting the graph structure. A malicious attacker can manipulate a limited number of edges, given the training labels, to impair the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Zihan Liu , Ge Wang , Yun Luo , Stan Z. Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become instrumental in diverse real-world applications, offering powerful graph learning capabilities for tasks such as social networks and medical data analysis. Despite their successes, GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Peizhi Niu , Chao Pan , Siheng Chen , Olgica Milenkovic

As powerful tools for representation learning on graphs, graph neural networks (GNNs) have played an important role in applications including social networks, recommendation systems, and online web services. However, GNNs have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Haoran Liu , Bokun Wang , Jianling Wang , Xiangjue Dong , Tianbao Yang , James Caverlee

Backdoor attacks pose a significant security risk to graph learning models. Backdoors can be embedded into the target model by inserting backdoor triggers into the training dataset, causing the model to make incorrect predictions when the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Zihan Guan , Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu

Adversarial attacks have been shown to be highly effective at degrading the performance of deep neural networks (DNNs). The most prominent defense is adversarial training, a method for learning a robust model. Nevertheless, adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Uriya Pesso , Koby Bibas , Meir Feder

Adversarial attacks on Graph Neural Networks aim to perturb the performance of the learner by carefully modifying the graph topology and node attributes. Existing methods achieve attack stealthiness by constraining the modification budget…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Kai Yuan , Jiahao Zhang , Yidi Wang , Xiaobing Pei

Graph data often contain noisy and spurious correlations that mask the true causal relationships, which are essential for enabling graph models to make predictions based on the underlying causal structure of the data. Dependence on spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Simi Job , Xiaohui Tao , Taotao Cai , Haoran Xie , Jianming Yong

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successfully exploited in graph analysis tasks in many real-world applications. The competition between attack and defense methods also enhances the robustness of GNNs. In this competition, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Jinyin Chen , Dunjie Zhang , Zhaoyan Ming , Kejie Huang , Wenrong Jiang , Chen Cui

Deep learning models on graphs have achieved remarkable performance in various graph analysis tasks, e.g., node classification, link prediction, and graph clustering. However, they expose uncertainty and unreliability against the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Liang Chen , Jintang Li , Jiaying Peng , Tao Xie , Zengxu Cao , Kun Xu , Xiangnan He , Zibin Zheng , Bingzhe Wu

Detecting anomalies in dynamic graphs is a vital task, with numerous practical applications in areas such as security, finance, and social media. Previous network embedding based methods have been mostly focusing on learning good node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Lei Cai , Zhengzhang Chen , Chen Luo , Jiaping Gui , Jingchao Ni , Ding Li , Haifeng Chen

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, a number of machine learning algorithms, such as graph neural networks have been proposed to facilitate network analysis or graph data mining. Although effective, recent studies show…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Junhao Zhu , Yalu Shan , Jinhuan Wang , Shanqing Yu , Guanrong Chen , Qi Xuan

Recent studies demonstrate that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to slight but adversarially designed perturbations, known as adversarial examples. To address this issue, robust training methods against adversarial examples have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Jintang Li , Jiaying Peng , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng , Tingting Liang , Qing Ling