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Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) combines the generative abilities of large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources to provide more accurate and up-to-date responses. Recent RAG advancements focus on improving retrieval…

Relation extraction (RE) aims to identify relations between entities mentioned in texts. Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive in-context learning (ICL) abilities in various tasks, they still suffer from poor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Guozheng Li , Peng Wang , Wenjun Ke , Yikai Guo , Ke Ji , Ziyu Shang , Jiajun Liu , Zijie Xu

We introduce the \textit{Extract-Refine-Retrieve-Read} (ERRR) framework, a novel approach designed to bridge the pre-retrieval information gap in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems through query optimization tailored to meet the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Youan Cong , Pritom Saha Akash , Cheng Wang , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in medical question answering; however, purely parametric models often suffer from knowledge gaps and limited factual grounding. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Nusrat Sultana , Abdullah Muhammad Moosa , Kazi Afzalur Rahman , Sajal Chandra Banik

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge retrieved at inference time. While RAG demonstrates strong performance on benchmarks largely derived from general-domain corpora…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ran Xu , Yuchen Zhuang , Yue Yu , Haoyu Wang , Wenqi Shi , Carl Yang

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various language tasks but suffer from hallucinations and temporal misalignment. To mitigate these shortcomings, Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhongzhen Huang , Kui Xue , Yongqi Fan , Linjie Mu , Ruoyu Liu , Tong Ruan , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

Retrieval-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) offer substantial benefits in enhancing performance across knowledge-intensive scenarios. However, these methods often face challenges with complex inputs and encounter difficulties due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Haoyu Wang , Ruirui Li , Haoming Jiang , Jinjin Tian , Zhengyang Wang , Chen Luo , Xianfeng Tang , Monica Cheng , Tuo Zhao , Jing Gao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is considered to be a promising approach to alleviate the hallucination issue of large language models (LLMs), and it has received widespread attention from researchers recently. Due to the limitation in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Hengran Zhang , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Maarten de Rijke , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

We propose RecaLLM, a set of reasoning language models post-trained to make effective use of long-context information. In-context retrieval, which identifies relevant evidence from context, and reasoning are deeply intertwined: retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kyle Whitecross , Negin Rahimi

The demand for efficient large language model (LLM) inference has propelled the development of dedicated accelerators. As accelerators are vulnerable to hardware faults due to aging, variation, etc, existing accelerator designs often…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Tong Xie , Jiawang Zhao , Zishen Wan , Zuodong Zhang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

Iterative retrieval refers to the process in which the model continuously queries the retriever during generation to enhance the relevance of the retrieved knowledge, thereby improving the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Tian Yu , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong semantic understanding, yet struggle when user instructions involve ambiguous or conceptually misaligned terms. We propose the Language Graph Model (LGM) to enhance conceptual clarity by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenchang Lei , Ping Zou , Yue Wang , Feng Sun , Lei Zhao

Choosing a Large Language Model (LLM) for a given task requires comparing many strong candidates, yet standard evaluation relies on costly annotations over fixed evaluation sets. To address this challenge, we develop SELECT-LLM, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yavuz Durmazkeser , Patrik Okanovic , Andreas Kirsch , Torsten Hoefler , Nezihe Merve Gürel

Verifiable generation aims to let the large language model (LLM) generate text with supporting documents, which enables the user to flexibly verify the answer and makes the LLM's output more reliable. Retrieval plays a crucial role in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Xiaonan Li , Changtai Zhu , Linyang Li , Zhangyue Yin , Tianxiang Sun , Xipeng Qiu

Training large language models (LLMs) with synthetic reasoning data has become a popular approach to enhancing their reasoning capabilities, while a key factor influencing the effectiveness of this paradigm is the quality of the generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhuojie Yang , Wentao Wan , Keze Wang

Despite the success of large language models (LLMs) in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, the stored knowledge in these models may inevitably be incomplete, out-of-date, or incorrect. This motivates the need to utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Hangfeng He , Hongming Zhang , Dan Roth

The integration of external knowledge through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become foundational in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing RAG paradigms often overlook the cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yu Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Zhihu Wang , Ming Fan , Xicheng Zhang , Yubo Zhang , Zhengfan Wang , Heyuan Huang , Ting Liu

We study allowing large language models (LLMs) to process arbitrarily long prompts through the lens of inference-time scaling. We propose Recursive Language Models (RLMs), a general inference paradigm that treats long prompts as part of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Alex L. Zhang , Tim Kraska , Omar Khattab

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm to enhance large language models (LLMs) by conditioning generation on external evidence retrieved at inference time. While RAG addresses critical limitations of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chaitanya Sharma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved documents and/or generated context. However, LLMs often exhibit a stylistic bias when presented with mixed contexts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiaang Li , Zhendong Mao , Quan Wang , Yuning Wan , Yongdong Zhang