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CLIP is one of the most popular foundational models and is heavily used for many vision-language tasks. However, little is known about the inner workings of CLIP. To bridge this gap we propose a study to quantify the interpretability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Avinash Madasu , Yossi Gandelsman , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

This study proposes a text classification algorithm based on large language models, aiming to address the limitations of traditional methods in capturing long-range dependencies, understanding contextual semantics, and handling class…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Ning Lyu , Yuxi Wang , Feng Chen , Qingyuan Zhang

In this work, we propose a methodology for investigating the use of semantic attention to enhance the explainability of Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based models. Graph Deep Learning (GDL) has emerged as a promising field for tasks like scene…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Efimia Panagiotaki , Daniele De Martini , Lars Kunze

The objective of this paper is to assess the quality of explanation heatmaps for image classification tasks. To assess the quality of explainability methods, we approach the task through the lens of accuracy and stability. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Lassi Raatikainen , Esa Rahtu

Transformers are widely used in natural language processing, where they consistently achieve state-of-the-art performance. This is mainly due to their attention-based architecture, which allows them to model rich linguistic relations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Nikolaos Mylonas , Ioannis Mollas , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Image token removal is an efficient augmentation strategy for reducing the cost of computing image features. However, this efficient augmentation strategy has been found to adversely affect the accuracy of CLIP-based training. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yifan Yang , Weiquan Huang , Yixuan Wei , Houwen Peng , Xinyang Jiang , Huiqiang Jiang , Fangyun Wei , Yin Wang , Han Hu , Lili Qiu , Yuqing Yang

The strong capabilities of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have made them highly effective for zero-shot re-ranking task. Attention-based re-ranking methods, which derive relevance scores directly from attention weights, offer an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuxing Tian , Fengran Mo , Weixu Zhang , Yiyan Qi , Jian-Yun Nie

Street-view image attribute classification is a vital downstream task of image classification, enabling applications such as autonomous driving, urban analytics, and high-definition map construction. It remains computationally demanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Qi You , Yitai Cheng , Zichao Zeng , James Haworth

Many image retrieval studies use metric learning to train an image encoder. However, metric learning cannot handle differences in users' preferences, and requires data to train an image encoder. To overcome these limitations, we revisit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Ryoya Nara , Yu-Chieh Lin , Yuji Nozawa , Youyang Ng , Goh Itoh , Osamu Torii , Yusuke Matsui

Linear attention mechanisms have emerged as efficient alternatives to full self-attention in Graph Transformers, offering linear time complexity. However, existing linear attention models often suffer from a significant drop in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zhaolin Hu , Kun Li , Hehe Fan , Yi Yang

The state of the art in learning meaningful semantic representations of words is the Transformer model and its attention mechanisms. Simply put, the attention mechanisms learn to attend to specific parts of the input dispensing recurrence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Dongsheng Wang , Casper Hansen , Lucas Chaves Lima , Christian Hansen , Maria Maistro , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

The transformer is the most popular neural architecture for language modeling. The cornerstone of the transformer is its global attention mechanism, which lets the model aggregate information from all preceding tokens before generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiaoda Li , Ryan Cotterell

First derived from human intuition, later adapted to machine translation for automatic token alignment, attention mechanism, a simple method that can be used for encoding sequence data based on the importance score each element is assigned,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Dichao Hu

We propose DiffCLIP, a novel vision-language model that extends the differential attention mechanism to CLIP architectures. Differential attention was originally developed for large language models to amplify relevant context while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Bernard Ghanem

Attention mechanism has been used as an important component across Vision-and-Language(VL) tasks in order to bridge the semantic gap between visual and textual features. While attention has been widely used in VL tasks, it has not been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Feiqi Cao , Soyeon Caren Han , Siqu Long , Changwei Xu , Josiah Poon

The quadratic computation complexity of self-attention has been a persistent challenge when applying Transformer models to vision tasks. Linear attention, on the other hand, offers a much more efficient alternative with its linear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Dongchen Han , Xuran Pan , Yizeng Han , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

We propose Context-Adaptive Multi-Prompt Embedding, a novel approach to enrich semantic representations in vision-language contrastive learning. Unlike standard CLIP-style models that rely on a single text embedding, our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dahun Kim , Anelia Angelova

Research in human action recognition has accelerated significantly since the introduction of powerful machine learning tools such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). However, effective and efficient methods for incorporation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Jinliang Zang , Le Wang , Ziyi Liu , Qilin Zhang , Zhenxing Niu , Gang Hua , Nanning Zheng

We propose an end-to-end-trainable attention module for convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures built for image classification. The module takes as input the 2D feature vector maps which form the intermediate representations of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Saumya Jetley , Nicholas A. Lord , Namhoon Lee , Philip H. S. Torr

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in multi-modal reasoning, but their inference time efficiency remains a significant challenge due to the memory overhead during decoding, especially when the query and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Fatih Ilhan , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Selim Furkan Tekin , Tiansheng Huang , Zachary Yahn , Yichang Xu , Ling Liu