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The quest for ubiquitous mobile coverage has catalyzed two fundamentally distinct architectural paradigms: Direct-to-Cell (D2C) and standardized 3GPP Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). D2C, pioneered by SpaceX Starlink and AST SpaceMobile,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Donglin Wang , Anjie Qiu , Qiuheng Zhou , Hans D. Schotten

When planning a 5G network in the sub-6GHz bands, similar cell planning techniques to LTE can be applied. Looking at the Australian environment, the n78 band (3.3-3.8GHz TDD) is approximately 1GHz higher than the 2.6GHz band used in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Tristan Curry , Robert Abbas

Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are critical for emergency communication in highly dynamic and challenging scenarios characterized by intermittent connectivity, frequent disruptions, and unpredictable node mobility. While some protocols are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhekun Huang , Milena Radenkovic

The sixth-generation (6G) non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are crucial for real-time monitoring in critical applications like disaster relief. However, limited bandwidth, latency, rain attenuation, long propagation delays, and co-channel…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Loc X. Nguyen , Sheikh Salman Hassan , Yan Kyaw Tun , Kitae Kim , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong

With 5G networking, deterministic guarantees are emerging as a key enabler. In this context, we present a scalable Damper-based architecture for Large-scale Deterministic IP Networks (D-LDN) that meets required bounds on end-to-end delay…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-27 M. Yassine Naghmouchi , Shoushou Ren , Paolo Medagliani , Sébastien Martin , Jérémie Leguay

5G new radio is envisioned to support three major service classes: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine type communications. Emerging URLLC services require up to one…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-13 Ali A. Esswie , Klaus I. Pedersen

New radio technologies for the fifth generation of wireless system have been extensively studied globally. Specifically, air interface protocols for 5G radio access network will be standardized in coming years by 3GPP. Due to its crucial…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Honglei Miao , Michael Faerber

Deploying fifth-generation (5G) networks in emerging markets demands a balance between performance targets and constraints in budget, spectrum, and infrastructure. We use MATLAB simulations to quantify how radio and architectural levers -…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Desire Guel , Justin Pegd-Windé Kouraogo , Kouka Kouakou Nakoulma

In this article, we address the prospects and key enabling technologies for highly efficient and accurate device positioning and tracking in 5G radio access networks. Building on the premises of ultra-dense networks as well as on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Mike Koivisto , Mário Costa , Janis Werner , Kari Heiska , Jukka Talvitie , Kari Leppänen , Visa Koivunen , Mikko Valkama

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) play crucial roles in 5G networks for dynamically provisioning diverse communication services with heterogeneous service requirements. In particular, while NFV…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Prabhu Kaliyammal Thiruvasagam , Abhishek Chakraborty , C. Siva Ram Murthy

The rapid evolution of cellular networks has introduced groundbreaking technologies, including large and distributed antenna arrays and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in terrestrial networks (TNs), as well as aerial and space-based…

Sixth generation (6G) physical layer (PHY) is evolving beyond the legacy orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based waveforms. In this paper, we compare the bit error rate (BER) performance of three beyond-OFDM waveforms,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Baidyanath Mandal , Aniruddha Chandra , Rastislav Roka , Jarosław Wojtun , Jan Kelner , Cezary Ziołkowski

Newer cellular communication generations are planned to allow asynchronous transmission of multiple numerologies (waveforms with different parameters) in adjacent bands, creating unavoidable adjacent channel interference. Most prior work on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-03 Berker Peköz , Selçuk Köse , Hüseyin Arslan

Providing femto-access points (FAPs) with computational capabilities will allow (either total or partial) offloading of highly demanding applications from smart-phones to the so called femto-cloud. Such offloading promises to be beneficial…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-23 Olga Muñoz , Antonio Pascual-Iserte , Josep Vidal

This paper presents novel techniques for improving the error correction performance and reducing the complexity of coarsely quantized 5G-LDPC decoders. The proposed decoder design supports arbitrary message-passing schedules on a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Philipp Mohr , Gerhard Bauch

The Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network (STIN) enhances end-to-end transmission by simultaneously utilizing terrestrial and satellite networks, offering significant benefits in scenarios like emergency response and cross-continental…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Lin Wang , Ze Wang , Zeyi Deng , Jingjing Zhang , Yue Gao

Two of the most challenging goals to be achieved in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond communication are massive connectivity and higher capacity. The use of traditional orthogonal multiple access techniques limits the number of users…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-17 Vimal Bhatia , Pragya Swami , Sanjeev Sharma , Rangeet Mitra

Resource allocation in LTE networks is known to be an NP-hard problem. In this paper, we address an even more complex scenario: an LTE-based, 2-tier heterogeneous network where D2D mode is supported under the network control. All…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Francesco Malandrino , Claudio Casetti , Carla-Fabiana Chiasserini , Zana Limani

The evolution from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 introduces stringent requirements for ultra reliable low latency communication (URLLC) to support human centric, intelligent, and resilient industrial systems. Sixth-generation (6G) wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Abdikarim Mohamed Ibrahim , Rosdiadee Nordin , Yahya S. M. Khamayseh , Angela Amphawan , Muhammed Basheer Jasser

The fifth generation (5G) wireless network technology is to be standardized by 2020, where main goals are to improve capacity, reliability, and energy efficiency, while reducing latency and massively increasing connection density. An…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Imtiaz Parvez , Ali Rahmati , Ismail Guvenc , Arif I. Sarwat , Huaiyu Dai
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