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During the past decade, deep neural networks have led to fast-paced progress and significant achievements in computer vision problems, for both academia and industry. Yet despite their success, state-of-the-art image classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Aristotelis Ballas , Christos Diou

Deep neural networks often suffer performance drops when test data distribution differs from training data. Domain Generalization (DG) aims to address this by focusing on domain-invariant features or augmenting data for greater diversity.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Nam Duong Tran , Nam Nguyen Phuong , Hieu H. Pham , Phi Le Nguyen , My T. Thai

Semi-supervised domain generalization (SSDG) in medical image segmentation offers a promising solution for generalizing to unseen domains during testing, addressing domain shift challenges and minimizing annotation costs. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jincai Song , Haipeng Chen , Jun Qin , Na Zhao

Multimodal Domain Generalization (MMDG) leverages the complementary strengths of multiple modalities to enhance model generalization on unseen domains. A central challenge in multimodal learning is optimization imbalance, where modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hongzhao Li , Guohao Shen , Shupan Li , Mingliang Xu , Muhammad Haris Khan

Efficient fine-tuning of visual-language models like CLIP has become crucial due to their large-scale parameter size and extensive pretraining requirements. Existing methods typically address either the issue of unseen classes or unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Haoran Xu , Jiaze Li , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo

The generalization of deep neural networks to unknown domains is a major challenge despite their tremendous progress in recent years. For this reason, the dynamic area of domain generalization (DG) has emerged. In contrast to unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Manuel Schwonberg , Hanno Gottschalk

Traditional domain generalization methods often rely on domain alignment to reduce inter-domain distribution differences and learn domain-invariant representations. However, domain shifts are inherently difficult to eliminate, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuheng Xu , Taiping Zhang

In theory, the success of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) largely relies on domain gap estimation. However, for source free UDA, the source domain data can not be accessed during adaptation, which poses great challenge of measuring the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Ziyang Zong , Jun He , Lei Zhang , Hai Huan

Domain generalization aims to build generalized models that perform well on unseen domains when only source domains are available for model optimization. Recent studies have shown that large-scale pre-trained models can enhance domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Byounggyu Lew , Donghyun Son , Buru Chang

Generalising deep models to new data from new centres (termed here domains) remains a challenge. This is largely attributed to shifts in data statistics (domain shifts) between source and unseen domains. Recently, gradient-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Xiao Liu , Spyridon Thermos , Alison O'Neil , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

In Generalized Category Discovery (GCD), we cluster unlabeled samples of known and novel classes, leveraging a training dataset of known classes. A salient challenge arises due to domain shifts between these datasets. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Sai Bhargav Rongali , Sarthak Mehrotra , Ankit Jha , Mohamad Hassan N C , Shirsha Bose , Tanisha Gupta , Mainak Singha , Biplab Banerjee

Domain generalization is a technique aimed at enabling models to maintain high accuracy when applied to new environments or datasets (unseen domains) that differ from the datasets used in training. Generally, the accuracy of models trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Reiji Saito , Kazuhiro Hotta

Domain generalization (DG), aiming to make models work on unseen domains, is a surefire way toward general artificial intelligence. Limited by the scale and diversity of current DG datasets, it is difficult for existing methods to scale to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Hongjing Niu , Hanting Li , Feng Zhao , Bin Li

Open-Set Domain Generalization (OSDG) is a challenging task requiring models to accurately predict familiar categories while minimizing confidence for unknown categories to effectively reject them in unseen domains. While the OSDG field has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Kunyu Peng , Di Wen , M. Saquib Sarfraz , Yufan Chen , Junwei Zheng , David Schneider , Kailun Yang , Jiamin Wu , Alina Roitberg , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Domain adaption (DA) and domain generalization (DG) are two closely related methods which are both concerned with the task of assigning labels to an unlabeled data set. The only dissimilarity between these approaches is that DA can access…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Mohammad Mahfujur Rahman , Clinton Fookes , Mahsa Baktashmotlagh , Sridha Sridharan

Domain Generalization (DG) seeks to transfer knowledge from multiple source domains to unseen target domains, even in the presence of domain shifts. Achieving effective generalization typically requires a large and diverse set of labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Sumaiya Zoha , Jeong-Gun Lee , Young-Woong Ko

The rise of deep neural networks has led to several breakthroughs for semantic segmentation. In spite of this, a model trained on source domain often fails to work properly in new challenging domains, that is directly concerned with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Jin Kim , Jiyoung Lee , Jungin Park , Dongbo Min , Kwanghoon Sohn

Existing domain generalization aims to learn a generalizable model to perform well even on unseen domains. For many real-world machine learning applications, the data distribution often shifts gradually along domain indices. For example, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Qiuhao Zeng , Wei Wang , Fan Zhou , Charles Ling , Boyu Wang

Continual domain shift poses a significant challenge in real-world applications, particularly in situations where labeled data is not available for new domains. The challenge of acquiring knowledge in this problem setting is referred to as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Wonguk Cho , Jinha Park , Taesup Kim

Traditional deep learning algorithms often fail to generalize when they are tested outside of the domain of the training data. The issue can be mitigated by using unlabeled data from the target domain at training time, but because data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Thomas Duboudin , Emmanuel Dellandréa , Corentin Abgrall , Gilles Hénaff , Liming Chen