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We propose a framework for analyzing and comparing distributions, allowing us to design statistical tests to determine if two samples are drawn from different distributions. Our test statistic is the largest difference in expectations over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2008-05-16 Arthur Gretton , Karsten Borgwardt , Malte J. Rasch , Bernhard Scholkopf , Alexander J. Smola

In this paper, we propose a test for the equality of multiple distributions based on kernel mean embeddings. Our framework provides a flexible way to handle multivariate or even high-dimensional data by virtue of kernel methods and allows…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-08 Ilmun Kim

Machine-Learned Likelihoods (MLL) combines machine-learning classification techniques with likelihood-based inference tests to estimate the experimental sensitivity of high-dimensional data sets. We extend the MLL method by including Kernel…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-18 Ernesto Arganda , Andres D. Perez , Martin de los Rios , Rosa María Sandá Seoane

Two-sample tests are important areas aiming to determine whether two collections of observations follow the same distribution or not. We propose two-sample tests based on integral probability metric (IPM) for high-dimensional samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-21 Jie Wang , Minshuo Chen , Tuo Zhao , Wenjing Liao , Yao Xie

In this paper we suggest two statistical hypothesis tests for the regression function of binary classification based on conditional kernel mean embeddings. The regression function is a fundamental object in classification as it determines…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-22 Ambrus Tamás , Balázs Csanád Csáji

In multi-task learning, a learner is given a collection of prediction tasks and needs to solve all of them. In contrast to previous work, which required that annotated training data is available for all tasks, we consider a new setting, in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-09 Anastasia Pentina , Christoph H. Lampert

In supervised learning, automatically assessing the quality of the labels before any learning takes place remains an open research question. In certain particular cases, hypothesis testing procedures have been proposed to assess whether a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Weisong Yang , Rafael Poyiadzi , Niall Twomey , Raul Santos Rodriguez

We propose to formulate multi-label learning as a estimation of class distribution in a non-linear embedding space, where for each label, its positive data embeddings and negative data embeddings distribute compactly to form a positive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Zhuo Yang , Yufei Han , Guoxian Yu , Qiang Yang , Xiangliang Zhang

We address the problem of non-parametric multiple model comparison: given $l$ candidate models, decide whether each candidate is as good as the best one(s) or worse than it. We propose two statistical tests, each controlling a different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Jen Ning Lim , Makoto Yamada , Bernhard Schölkopf , Wittawat Jitkrittum

The problem of robust hypothesis testing is studied, where under the null and the alternative hypotheses, the data-generating distributions are assumed to be in some uncertainty sets, and the goal is to design a test that performs well…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Zhongchang Sun , Shaofeng Zou

We propose a two-sample testing procedure based on learned deep neural network representations. To this end, we define two test statistics that perform an asymptotic location test on data samples mapped onto a hidden layer. The tests are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-11 Matthias Kirchler , Shahryar Khorasani , Marius Kloft , Christoph Lippert

Testing the equality of two conditional distributions is crucial in various modern applications, including transfer learning and causal inference. Despite its importance, this fundamental problem has received surprisingly little attention…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-04 Jian Yan , Zhuoxi Li , Xianyang Zhang

A nonparametric anomalous hypothesis testing problem is investigated, in which there are totally n sequences with s anomalous sequences to be detected. Each typical sequence contains m independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Shaofeng Zou , Yingbin Liang , H. Vincent Poor , Xinghua Shi

We provide a distribution-free test that can be used to determine whether any two joint distributions $p$ and $q$ are statistically different by inspection of a large enough set of samples. Following recent efforts from Long et al. [1], we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Francesco Solera , Andrea Palazzi

We propose a framework to construct practical kernel-based two-sample tests from the family of $f$-divergences. The test statistic is computed from the witness function of a regularized variational representation of the divergence, which we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-28 Mónica Ribero , Antonin Schrab , Arthur Gretton

In this paper we develop a principled, probabilistic, unified approach to non-standard classification tasks, such as semi-supervised, positive-unlabelled, multi-positive-unlabelled and noisy-label learning. We train a classifier on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Jeppe Nørregaard , Lars Kai Hansen

Multiple kernel learning (MKL) algorithms combine different base kernels to obtain a more efficient representation in the feature space. Focusing on discriminative tasks, MKL has been used successfully for feature selection and finding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Babak Hosseini , Barbara Hammer

In many real-world classification problems, the labels of training examples are randomly corrupted. Most previous theoretical work on classification with label noise assumes that the two classes are separable, that the label noise is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-08 Gilles Blanchard , Marek Flaska , Gregory Handy , Sara Pozzi , Clayton Scott

Neural Networks can perform poorly when the training label distribution is heavily imbalanced, as well as when the testing data differs from the training distribution. In order to deal with shift in the testing label distribution, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Junjiao Tian , Yen-Cheng Liu , Nathan Glaser , Yen-Chang Hsu , Zsolt Kira

The problem of developing binary classifiers from positive and unlabeled data is often encountered in machine learning. A common requirement in this setting is to approximate posterior probabilities of positive and negative classes for a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-01-11 Shantanu Jain , Martha White , Michael W. Trosset , Predrag Radivojac