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Many of the machine learning (ML) tasks are focused on centralized learning (CL), which requires the transmission of local datasets from the clients to a parameter server (PS) leading to a huge communication overhead. Federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Ahmet M. Elbir , Sinem Coleri , Kumar Vijay Mishra

With its privacy preservation and communication efficiency, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a learning framework that suits beyond 5G and towards 6G systems. This work looks into a future scenario in which there are multiple groups…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tung T. Vu , Hien Quoc Ngo , Duy T. Ngo , Minh N Dao , Erik G. Larsson

Federated learning (FL) enables learning from decentralized privacy-sensitive data, with computations on raw data confined to take place at edge clients. This paper introduces mixed FL, which incorporates an additional loss term calculated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Sean Augenstein , Andrew Hard , Lin Ning , Karan Singhal , Satyen Kale , Kurt Partridge , Rajiv Mathews

As AI models expand in size, it has become increasingly challenging to deploy federated learning (FL) on resource-constrained edge devices. To tackle this issue, split federated learning (SFL) has emerged as an FL framework with reduced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zheng Lin , Wei Wei , Zhe Chen , Chan-Tong Lam , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Jun Luo

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning paradigm that enables collaborative training among geographically distributed and heterogeneous devices without gathering their data. Extending FL beyond the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Jin Wang , Jia Hu , Jed Mills , Geyong Min , Ming Xia

Federated Learning (FL) stands out as a widely adopted protocol facilitating the training of Machine Learning (ML) models while maintaining decentralized data. However, challenges arise when dealing with a heterogeneous set of participating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Joana Tirana , Spyros Lalis , Dimitris Chatzopoulos

Federated learning (FL) underpins advancements in privacy-preserving distributed computing by collaboratively training neural networks without exposing clients' raw data. Current FL paradigms primarily focus on uni-modal data, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Yunfeng Fan , Wenchao Xu , Haozhao Wang , Jiaqi Zhu , Song Guo

Previous studies on federated learning (FL) often encounter performance degradation due to data heterogeneity among different clients. In light of the recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4v and LLaVA,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jianyi Zhang , Hao Frank Yang , Ang Li , Xin Guo , Pu Wang , Haiming Wang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Federated learning (FL) offers a privacy-centric distributed learning framework, enabling model training on individual clients and central aggregation without necessitating data exchange. Nonetheless, FL implementations often suffer from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Rongyu Zhang , Yun Chen , Chenrui Wu , Fangxin Wang , Bo Li

Multimodal Federated Learning (MFL) lies at the intersection of two pivotal research areas: leveraging complementary information from multiple modalities to improve downstream inference performance and enabling distributed training to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yuanzhe Peng , Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Yin Huang , Jie Xu

Federated Learning (FL) is a method of training machine learning models on private data distributed over a large number of possibly heterogeneous clients such as mobile phones and IoT devices. In this work, we propose a new federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Enmao Diao , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising distributed learning paradigm with an added advantage of data privacy. With the growing interest in having collaboration among data owners, FL has gained significant attention of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Afsana Khan , Marijn ten Thij , Anna Wilbik

As a promising distributed machine learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) has attracted increasing attention to deal with data silo problems without compromising user privacy. By adopting the classic one-to-multi training scheme (i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Ming Hu , Peiheng Zhou , Zhihao Yue , Zhiwei Ling , Yihao Huang , Anran Li , Yang Liu , Xiang Lian , Mingsong Chen

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular algorithm to train machine learning models on user data constrained to edge devices (for example, mobile phones) due to privacy concerns. Typically, FL is trained with the assumption that no part of the…

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are generally designed for scenarios in which all data is stored in one data center, where the training is performed. However, in many applications, e.g., in the healthcare domain, the training data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Amin Aminifar , Matin Shokri , Amir Aminifar

Federated learning (FL) is recently surging as a promising decentralized deep learning (DL) framework that enables DL-based approaches trained collaboratively across clients without sharing private data. However, in the context of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Van-Tuan Tran , Huy-Hieu Pham , Kok-Seng Wong

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that allows decentralized clients to learn collaboratively without sharing their private data. However, excessive computation and communication demands pose challenges to current FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Yue Tan , Guodong Long , Jie Ma , Lu Liu , Tianyi Zhou , Jing Jiang

One of the key challenges of collaborative machine learning, without data sharing, is multimodal data heterogeneity in real-world settings. While Federated Learning (FL) enables model training across multiple clients, existing frameworks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Alejandro Guerra-Manzanares , Omar El-Herraoui , Michail Maniatakos , Farah E. Shamout

As the demand grows for scalable and privacy-aware AI systems, Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising solution, allowing decentralized model training without moving raw data. At the same time, the combination of high-performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sangam Ghimire , Paribartan Timalsina , Nirjal Bhurtel , Bishal Neupane , Bigyan Byanju Shrestha , Subarna Bhattarai , Prajwal Gaire , Jessica Thapa , Sudan Jha

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning (ML) approach that allows multiple clients to collaboratively train ML models without exchanging original training data, offering a solution that is particularly valuable in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Aditya Sinha , Zilinghan Li , Tingkai Liu , Volodymyr Kindratenko , Kibaek Kim , Ravi Madduri