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Modern software systems generate extensive heterogeneous log data with dynamic formats, fragmented event sequences, and varying temporal patterns, making anomaly detection both crucial and challenging. To address these complexities, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Przemek Pospieszny , Wojciech Mormul , Karolina Szyndler , Sanjeev Kumar

Logs are semi-structured text generated by logging statements in software source code. In recent decades, software logs have become imperative in the reliability assurance mechanism of many software systems because they are often the only…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Shilin He , Pinjia He , Zhuangbin Chen , Tianyi Yang , Yuxin Su , Michael R. Lyu

Software-intensive systems produce logs for troubleshooting purposes. Recently, many deep learning models have been proposed to automatically detect system anomalies based on log data. These models typically claim very high detection…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Van-Hoang Le , Hongyu Zhang

Due to the complexity and size of modern software systems, the amount of logs generated is tremendous. Hence, it is infeasible to manually investigate these data in a reasonable time, thereby requiring automating log analysis to derive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Stefan Petrescu , Floris den Hengst , Alexandru Uta , Jan S. Rellermeyer

Software log analysis helps to maintain the health of software solutions and ensure compliance and security. Existing software systems consist of heterogeneous components emitting logs in various formats. A typical solution is to unify the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Jared Rand , Andriy Miranskyy

Log data have facilitated various tasks of software development and maintenance, such as testing, debugging and diagnosing. Due to the unstructured nature of logs, log parsing is typically required to transform log messages into structured…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zhihan Jiang , Jinyang Liu , Junjie Huang , Yichen Li , Yintong Huo , Jiazhen Gu , Zhuangbin Chen , Jieming Zhu , Michael R. Lyu

Log analysis is crucial for ensuring the orderly and stable operation of information systems, particularly in the field of Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps). Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Tianyu Cui , Shiyu Ma , Ziang Chen , Tong Xiao , Shimin Tao , Yilun Liu , Shenglin Zhang , Duoming Lin , Changchang Liu , Yuzhe Cai , Weibin Meng , Yongqian Sun , Dan Pei

Log files record computational events that reflect system state and behavior, making them a primary source of operational insights in modern computer systems. Automated anomaly detection on logs is therefore critical, yet most established…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Simon Dietz , Kai Klede , An Nguyen , Bjoern M Eskofier

Log analysis is one of the main techniques engineers use to troubleshoot faults of large-scale software systems. During the past decades, many log analysis approaches have been proposed to detect system anomalies reflected by logs. They…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Yongzheng Xie , Hongyu Zhang , Muhammad Ali Babar

Log data are generated from logging statements in the source code, providing insights into the execution processes of software applications and systems. State-of-the-art log-based anomaly detection approaches typically leverage deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Xingfang Wu , Heng Li , Foutse Khomh

Logs are ubiquitous digital footprints, playing an indispensable role in system diagnostics, security analysis, and performance optimization. The extraction of actionable insights from logs is critically dependent on the log parsing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Aoxiao Zhong , Dengyao Mo , Guiyang Liu , Jinbu Liu , Qingda Lu , Qi Zhou , Jiesheng Wu , Quanzheng Li , Qingsong Wen

Software systems often record important runtime information in logs to help with troubleshooting. Log-based anomaly detection has become a key research area that aims to identify system issues through log data, ultimately enhancing the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Wei Guan , Jian Cao , Shiyou Qian , Jianqi Gao , Chun Ouyang

Event log analysis is an important task that security professionals undertake. Event logs record key information on activities that occur on computing devices, and due to the substantial number of events generated, they consume a large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Siraaj Akhtar , Saad Khan , Simon Parkinson

Log messages record important system runtime information and are useful for detecting anomalous behaviors and managing modern software systems. Many supervised and unsupervised learning methods have been proposed recently for log-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Yiyuan Xiong , Shaofeng Cai

System logs are some of the most important information for the maintenance of software systems, which have become larger and more complex in recent years. The goal of log-based anomaly detection is to automatically detect system anomalies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yuuki Yamanaka , Tomokatsu Takahashi , Takuya Minami , Yoshiaki Nakajima

This paper introduces LogLead, a tool designed for efficient log analysis benchmarking. LogLead combines three essential steps in log processing: loading, enhancing, and anomaly detection. The tool leverages Polars, a high-speed DataFrame…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Mika Mäntylä , Yuqing Wang , Jesse Nyyssölä

Log anomaly detection has become a common practice for software engineers to analyze software system behavior. Despite significant research efforts in log anomaly detection over the past decade, it remains unclear what are practitioners'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Xiaoxue Ma , Yishu Li , Jacky Keung , Xiao Yu , Huiqi Zou , Zhen Yang , Federica Sarro , Earl T. Barr

Software logs record system activities, aiding maintainers in identifying the underlying causes for failures and enabling prompt mitigation actions. However, maintainers need to inspect a large volume of daily logs to identify the anomalous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Yintong Huo , Cheryl Lee , Yuxin Su , Shiwen Shan , Jinyang Liu , Michael R. Lyu

\underline{Context:} Logging is a fundamental yet complex practice in software engineering, essential for monitoring, debugging, and auditing software systems. With the increasing integration of machine learning (ML) components into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Patrick Loic Foalem , Leuson Da Silva , Foutse Khomh , Ettore Merlo , Heng Li

Logs are widely used in the development and maintenance of software systems. Logs can help engineers understand the runtime behavior of systems and diagnose system failures. For anomaly diagnosis, existing methods generally use log event…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Haitian Yang , Degang Sun , Wen Liu , Yanshu Li , Yan Wang , Weiqing Huang