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Biomarker-guided designs are increasingly used to evaluate personalized treatments based on patients' biomarker status in Phase II and III clinical trials. With adaptive enrichment, these designs can improve the efficiency of evaluating the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-11 Kaiyuan Hua , Hwanhee Hong , Xiaofei Wang

Multiple randomization designs (MRDs) are a class of experimental designs used to handle interference in two-sided marketplaces. We investigate regression adjustment strategies for estimating total, spillover, and direct effects in MRDs. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-23 Timothy Sudijono , Lihua Lei , Lorenzo Masoero , Suhas Vijaykumar , Guido Imbens , James McQueen

The two-sample problem for Cronbach's coefficient $\alpha_C$, as an estimate of test or composite score reliability, has attracted little attention, compared to the extensive treatment of the one-sample case. It is necessary to compare the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-20 Markus Pauly , Maria Umlauft , Ali Ünlü

We consider a three-level meta-analysis of standardized mean differences. The standard method of estimation uses inverse-variance weights and REML/PL estimation of variance components for the random effects. We introduce new moment-based…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-05 Elena Kulinskaya , David C. Hoaglin

Complex time series models such as (the sum of) ARMA$(p,q)$ models with additional noise, random walks, rounding errors and/or drifts are increasingly used for data analysis in fields such as biology, ecology, engineering and economics…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-14 Stéphane Guerrier , Roberto Molinari , Maria-Pia Victoria-Feser , Haotian Xu

In the big data era, the need to reevaluate traditional statistical methods is paramount due to the challenges posed by vast datasets. While larger samples theoretically enhance accuracy and hypothesis testing power without increasing false…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-09 Xuekui Zhang , Li Xing , Jing Zhang , Soojeong Kim

A new approach to adaptive design of clinical trials is proposed in a general multiparameter exponential family setting, based on generalized likelihood ratio statistics and optimal sequential testing theory. These designs are easy to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-25 Jay Bartroff , Tze Leung Lai

The Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) is a widely used multivariate distance metric for two-sample testing. The standard MMD test statistic has an intractable null distribution typically requiring costly resampling or permutation approaches…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Anirban Chatterjee , Aaditya Ramdas

We present a conformal inference method for constructing lower prediction bounds for survival times from right-censored data, extending recent approaches designed for more restrictive type-I censoring scenarios. The proposed method imputes…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-26 Matteo Sesia , Vladimir Svetnik

While there exists several inferential methods for analyzing functional data in factorial designs, there is a lack of statistical tests that are valid (i) in general designs, (ii) under non-restrictive assumptions on the data generating…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-28 Merle Munko , Marc Ditzhaus , Markus Pauly , Łukasz Smaga , Jin-Ting Zhang

One-shot devices data represent an extreme case of interval censoring.Some kind of one-shot units do not get destroyed when tested, and so, survival units can continue within the test providing extra information about their lifetime.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-17 Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan , María Jaenada , Leandro Pardo

The log-normal distribution is one of the most common distributions used for modeling skewed and positive data. It frequently arises in many disciplines of science, specially in the biological and medical sciences. The statistical analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-01 Ayanendranath Basu , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

The synthetic control method is often applied to problems with one treated unit and a small number of control units. A common inferential task in this setting is to test null hypotheses regarding the average treatment effect on the treated.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-22 Lihua Lei , Timothy Sudijono

Computation of sample size is important when designing clinical trials. The presence of competing risks makes the design of clinical trials with time-to-event endpoints cumbersome. A model based on the subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) is…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-22 Xiang Geng , Zhaojin Li , Chengfeng Zhang , Yanjie Wang , Haoning Shen , Zhiheng Huang , Yawen Hou , Zheng Chen

Restricted mean survival time (RMST) models have gained popularity when analyzing time-to-event outcomes because RMST models offer more straightforward interpretations of treatment effects with fewer assumptions than hazard ratios commonly…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-23 Kaiyuan Hua , Xiaofei Wang , Hwanhee Hong

In the context of right-censored and interval-censored data we develop asymptotic formulas to compute pseudo-observations for the survival function and the Restricted Mean Survival Time (RMST). Those formulas are based on the original…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Olivier Bouaziz

In this paper, a new and convenient $\chi^2$ wald test based on MCMC outputs is proposed for hypothesis testing. The new statistic can be explained as MCMC version of Wald test and has several important advantages that make it very…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-01-04 Yong Li , Xiaobin Liu , Jun Yu , Tao Zeng

The two-sample test is a fundamental problem in statistics with a wide range of applications. In the realm of high-dimensional data, nonparametric methods have gained prominence due to their flexibility and minimal distributional…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-24 Zexi Cai , Wenbo Fei , Doudou Zhou

Recent advances have shown that statistical tests for the rank of cross-covariance matrices play an important role in causal discovery. These rank tests include partial correlation tests as special cases and provide further graphical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Xinshuai Dong , Ignavier Ng , Boyang Sun , Haoyue Dai , Guang-Yuan Hao , Shunxing Fan , Peter Spirtes , Yumou Qiu , Kun Zhang

This work presents novel and powerful tests for comparing non-proportional hazard functions, based on sample-space partitions. Right censoring introduces two major difficulties which make the existing sample-space partition tests for…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-16 Malka Gorfine , Matan Schlesinger , Li Hsu