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We introduce a taxonomy of interaction types and show that graphs are focal hypergraphs: every graph is canonically a focal hypergraph via its closed neighbourhood structure, and every graph dynamical model is a special case of the general…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-05 Elkaïoum M. Moutuou

The primary objective of this paper is to introduce Hyers-Ulam-type stability results for monotone, subadditive, and convex graphs. We consider their standard definitions in an approximate sense and demonstrate the existence of a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Angshuman R. Goswami , Mahmood K. Shihab

Inspired by the prospect of having discretized spaces emerge from random graphs, we construct a collection of simple and explicit exponential random graph models that enjoy, in an appropriate parameter regime, a roughly constant vertex…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-10-01 Pawat Akara-pipattana , Thiparat Chotibut , Oleg Evnin

The origin of equilibrium gravitational configurations is sought in terms of the stability of their trajectories, as described by the curvature of their Lagrangian configuration manifold. We focus on the case of spherical systems, which are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-20 Amr El-Zant

Graphs are fundamental tools for modeling pairwise interactions in complex systems. However, many real-world systems involve multi-way interactions that cannot be fully captured by standard graphs. Hypergraphs, which generalize graphs by…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Tom Needham , Ethan Semrad

In this article we discuss classical theorems from Convex Geometry in the context of topological drawings and beyond. In a simple topological drawing of the complete graph $K_n$, any two edges share at most one point: either a common vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Helena Bergold , Stefan Felsner , Manfred Scheucher , Felix Schröder , Raphael Steiner

Many real-world networks of interest are embedded in physical space. We present a new random graph model aiming to reflect the interplay between the geometries of the graph and of the underlying space. The model favors configurations with…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-14 Jean-Christophe Mourrat , Daniel Valesin

Graph polynomials are graph parameters invariant under graph isomorphisms which take values in a polynomial ring with a fixed finite number of indeterminates. We study graph polynomials from a model theoretic point of view. In this paper we…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-05-24 J. A. Makowsky , E. V. Ravve , T. Kotek

We investigate connections between the symmetries (automorphisms) of a graph and its spectral properties. Whenever a graph has a symmetry, i.e. a nontrivial automorphism $\phi$, it is possible to use $\phi$ to decompose any matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-07 Wayne Barrett , Amanda Francis , Ben Webb

Geometric, topological and graph theory modeling and analysis of biomolecules are of essential importance in the conceptualization of molecular structure, function, dynamics, and transport. On the one hand, geometric modeling provides…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-12-07 Kelin Xia , Guo-Wei Wei

We generalise a fundamental graph-theoretical fact, stating that every element of the cycle space of a graph is a sum of edge-disjoint cycles, to arbitrary continua. To achieve this we replace graph cycles by topological circles, and…

General Topology · Mathematics 2011-10-28 Agelos Georgakopoulos

We study the balance of $G$-gain graphs, where $G$ is an arbitrary group, by investigating their adjacency matrices and their spectra. As a first step, we characterize switching equivalence and balance of gain graphs in terms of their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Matteo Cavaleri , Daniele D'Angeli , Alfredo Donno

We here describe the possibility of a synthetic description of the onset of Chaos in many degrees of freedom dynamical systems within the framework of the geometric description of dynamics. We show how this approach to instability helps to…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-02-03 Cipriani Piero , Di Bari Maria

Let the join of two graphs be the union of two disjoint graphs connected by $j$ edges in a one-to-one manner. In previous work by Gyurov and Pinzon, which generalized the results of Badura and Rara, the determinant of the adjacency matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Daniel Pinzon , Daniel Pragel , Joshua Roberts

In this paper we study the geometry of graph spaces endowed with a special class of graph edit distances. The focus is on geometrical results useful for statistical pattern recognition. The main result is the Graph Representation Theorem.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-01 Brijnesh J. Jain

Graph Generating Dependencies (GGDs) informally express constraints between two (possibly different) graph patterns which enforce relationships on both graph's data (via property value constraints) and its structure (via topological…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Larissa C. Shimomura , Nikolay Yakovets , George Fletcher

Complex systems of intracellular biochemical reactions have a central role in regulating cell identities and functions. Biochemical reaction systems are typically studied using the language and tools of graph theory. However, graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-24 Raffaella Mulas , Rubén J. Sánchez-García , Ben D. MacArthur

These lecture notes are a personal introduction to signed graphs, concentrating on the aspects that have been most persistently interesting to me. They are just a few corners of signed graph theory; I am leaving out a great deal. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-18 Thomas Zaslavsky

I define a "group graph" which encodes the symmetry in a dynamical process on a network. Group graphs extend signed networks, where links are labelled with plus or minus one, by allowing link labels from any group and generalising the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-18 Tim S. Evans

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are learning architectures that rely on knowledge of the graph structure to generate meaningful representations of large-scale network data. GNN stability is thus important as in real-world scenarios there are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Luana Ruiz , Zhiyang Wang , Alejandro Ribeiro