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Analysis and visualization of 3D microscopy images pose challenges due to anisotropic axial resolution, demanding volumetric super-resolution along the axial direction. While training a learning-based 3D super-resolution model seems to be a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-19 Kyungryun Lee , Won-Ki Jeong

Smart systems that can accurately diagnose patients with mental disorders and identify effective treatments based on brain functional imaging data are of great applicability and are gaining much attention. Most previous machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Jumana Dakka , Pouya Bashivan , Mina Gheiratmand , Irina Rish , Shantenu Jha , Russell Greiner

Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is an essential tool in neuroimaging. It is arguably the sole noninvasive technique for examining the microstructural properties and structural connectivity of the brain. Recent years…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 Tianyuan Yao , Zhiyuan Li , Praitayini Kanakaraj , Derek B. Archer , Kurt Schilling , Lori Beason-Held , Susan Resnick , Bennett A. Landman , Yuankai Huo

\hspace{2mm} Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) of the brain offers unique capabilities including noninvasive probing of tissue microstructure and structural connectivity. It is widely used for clinical assessment of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Davood Karimi , Simon K. Warfield

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in brain disease diagnosis, but it is not always feasible for certain patients due to physical or clinical constraints. Recent studies attempt to synthesize MRI from Computed Tomography…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Junming Liu , Yifei Sun , Weihua Cheng , Yujin Kang , Yirong Chen , Ding Wang , Guosun Zeng

Estimating intra- and extra-axonal microstructure parameters, such as volume fractions and diffusivities, has been one of the major efforts in brain microstructure imaging with MRI. The Standard Model (SM) of diffusion in white matter has…

Understanding the dynamic reorganization of brain networks is critical for predicting cognitive decline, neurological progression, and individual variability in clinical outcomes. This work proposes a multimodal graph neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Preksha Girish , Rachana Mysore , Kiran K. N. , Hiranmayee R. , Shipra Prashanth , Shrey Kumar

Capturing dynamic spatiotemporal neural activity is essential for understanding large-scale brain mechanisms. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides high-resolution cortical representations that form a strong basis for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Wanying Qu , Jianxiong Gao , Wei Wang , Yanwei Fu

In modern neuroscience, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been a crucial and irreplaceable tool that provides a non-invasive window into the dynamics of whole-brain activity. Nevertheless, fMRI is limited by hemodynamic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-26 Yamin Li , Ange Lou , Ziyuan Xu , Shiyu Wang , Catie Chang

High resolution diffusion MRI (dMRI) data is often constrained by limited scanning time in clinical settings, thus restricting the use of downstream analysis techniques that would otherwise be available. In this work we develop a 3D…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 Matthew Lyon , Paul Armitage , Mauricio A. Álvarez

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive way of imaging white matter tracts in the human brain. DW-MRIs are usually acquired using echo-planar imaging (EPI) with high gradient fields, which could introduce…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-04 Zhangxing Bian , Muhan Shao , Aaron Carass , Jerry L. Prince

We enable the estimation of the per-axon axial diffusivity from single encoding, strongly diffusion-weighted, pulsed gradient spin echo data. Additionally, we improve the estimation of the per-axon radial diffusivity compared to estimates…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-07-07 Marco Pizzolato , Erick Jorge Canales-Rodríguez , Mariam Andersson , Tim B. Dyrby

The goal of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is to infer the structural connectivity of an individual subject's brain in vivo. To statistically study the variability and differences between normal and abnormal brain…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-06 Haocheng Dai , Martin Bauer , P. Thomas Fletcher , Sarang Joshi

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive imaging technique that can indirectly infer the microstructure of tissues and provide metrics which are subject to normal variability across subjects. Potentially abnormal values or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-28 Samuel St-Jean , Max A. Viergever , Alexander Leemans

Sparse dictionary learning is a popular method for representing signals as linear combinations of a few elements from a dictionary that is learned from the data. In the classical setting, signals are represented as vectors and the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-20 Evan Schwab , Benjamin D. Haeffele , René Vidal , Nicolas Charon

Neural representations (NRs), such as neural fields and 3D Gaussians, effectively model volumetric data in computed tomography (CT) but suffer from severe artifacts under sparse-view settings. To address this, we propose DiffNR, a novel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Shiyan Su , Ruyi Zha , Danli Shi , Hongdong Li , Xuelian Cheng

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a noninvasive technique pivotal for understanding human neural mechanisms of intricate cognitive processes. Most rs-fMRI studies compute a single static functional…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-25 Bishal Thapaliya , Robyn Miller , Jiayu Chen , Yu-Ping Wang , Esra Akbas , Ram Sapkota , Bhaskar Ray , Pranav Suresh , Santosh Ghimire , Vince Calhoun , Jingyu Liu

Deep learning has emerged as a promising approach for learning the nonlinear mapping between diffusion-weighted MR images and tissue parameters, which enables automatic and deep understanding of the brain microstructures. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Wenxin Fan , Jian Cheng , Qiyuan Tian , Ruoyou Wu , Juan Zou , Zan Chen , Shanshan Wang

Despite today's prevalence of ultrasound imaging in medicine, ultrasound signal-to-noise ratio is still affected by several sources of noise and artefacts. Moreover, enhancing ultrasound image quality involves balancing concurrent factors…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Yuxin Zhang , Clément Huneau , Jérôme Idier , Diana Mateus

Diffusion MRI affords valuable insights into white matter microstructures, but suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), especially at high diffusion weighting (i.e., b-value). To avoid time-intensive repeated acquisition,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-07-26 Geng Chen , Yafeng Wu , Dinggang Shen , Pew-Thian Yap