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Large-scale traffic forecasting relies on fixed sensor networks that often exhibit blackouts: contiguous intervals of missing measurements caused by detector or communication failures. These outages are typically handled under a Missing At…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-07 Aman Sunesh , Allan Ma , Siddarth Nilol

We consider the task of identifying and estimating a parameter of interest in settings where data is missing not at random (MNAR). In general, such parameters are not identified without strong assumptions on the missing data model. In this…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-29 Zixiao Wang , AmirEmad Ghassami , Ilya Shpitser

In recommendation systems, the existence of the missing-not-at-random (MNAR) problem results in the selection bias issue, degrading the recommendation performance ultimately. A common practice to address MNAR is to treat missing entries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Qian Li , Xiangmeng Wang , Guandong Xu

In the last couple of decades, there has been major advancements in the domain of missing data imputation. The techniques in the domain include amongst others: Expectation Maximization, Neural Networks with Evolutionary Algorithms or…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Collins Leke , Tshilidzi Marwala , Satyakama Paul

We congratulate Nabi et al. (2022) on their impressive and insightful paper, which illustrates the benefits of using causal/counterfactual perspectives and tools in missing data problems. This paper represents an important approach to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-17 Alex W. Levis , Edward H. Kennedy

Missing data is a crucial issue when applying machine learning algorithms to real-world datasets. Starting from the simple assumption that two batches extracted randomly from the same dataset should share the same distribution, we leverage…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-02 Boris Muzellec , Julie Josse , Claire Boyer , Marco Cuturi

Missing data arise in most applied settings and are ubiquitous in electronic health records (EHR). When data are missing not at random (MNAR) with respect to measured covariates, sensitivity analyses are often considered. These post-hoc…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-11 Alexander W. Levis , Rajarshi Mukherjee , Rui Wang , Heidi Fischer , Sebastien Haneuse

Deep Learning (DL) methods have dramatically increased in popularity in recent years, with significant growth in their application to supervised learning problems in the biomedical sciences. However, the greater prevalence and complexity of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-30 David K Lim , Naim U Rashid , Junier B Oliva , Joseph G Ibrahim

We propose a variational autoencoder architecture to model both ignorable and nonignorable missing data using pattern-set mixtures as proposed by Little (1993). Our model explicitly learns to cluster the missing data into missingness…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-08 Sahra Ghalebikesabi , Rob Cornish , Luke J. Kelly , Chris Holmes

In clinical practice, full imaging is not always feasible, often due to complex acquisition protocols, stringent privacy regulations, or specific clinical needs. However, missing MR modalities pose significant challenges for tasks like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Aghiles Kebaili , Jérôme Lapuyade-Lahorgue , Pierre Vera , Su Ruan

Missing data is a fundamental challenge in data science, significantly hindering analysis and decision-making across a wide range of disciplines, including healthcare, bioinformatics, social science, e-commerce, and industrial monitoring.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Jicong Fan

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative approaches for missing-data imputation, yet most existing methods operate directly in data space and degrade when training data are heavily incomplete. We investigate whether shifting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Alberte Heering Estad , Ignacio Peis , Jes Frellsen

Multiple imputation (MI) has become popular for analyses with missing data in medical research. The standard implementation of MI is based on the assumption of data being missing at random (MAR). However, for missing data generated by…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-03 Tra My Pham , James R Carpenter , Tim P Morris , Angela M Wood , Irene Petersen

Commonly used methods to analyze incomplete longitudinal clinical trial data include complete case analysis (CC) and last observation carried forward (LOCF). However, such methods rest on strong assumptions, including missing completely at…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Ivy Jansen , Caroline Beunckens , Geert Molenberghs , Geert Verbeke , Craig Mallinckrodt

Dealing with missing values and incomplete time series is a labor-intensive, tedious, inevitable task when handling data coming from real-world applications. Effective spatio-temporal representations would allow imputation methods to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Andrea Cini , Ivan Marisca , Cesare Alippi

Most network data are collected from partially observable networks with both missing nodes and missing edges, for example, due to limited resources and privacy settings specified by users on social media. Thus, it stands to reason that…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Cong Tran , Won-Yong Shin , Andreas Spitz , Michael Gertz

Data missingness is a practical challenge of sustained interest to the scientific community. In this paper, we present Shades-of-Null, an evaluation suite for responsible missing value imputation. Our work is novel in two ways (i) we model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Falaah Arif Khan , Denys Herasymuk , Nazar Protsiv , Julia Stoyanovich

When a missing process depends on the missing values themselves, it needs to be explicitly modelled and taken into account while doing likelihood-based inference. We present an approach for building and fitting deep latent variable models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-19 Niels Bruun Ipsen , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei , Jes Frellsen

The missing data problem has been broadly studied in the last few decades and has various applications in different areas such as statistics or bioinformatics. Even though many methods have been developed to tackle this challenge, most of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-10 Thu Nguyen , Khoi Minh Nguyen-Duy , Duy Ho Minh Nguyen , Binh T. Nguyen , Bruce Alan Wade

The analysis of incomplete contingency tables is a practical and an interesting problem. In this paper, we provide characterizations for the various missing mechanisms of a variable in terms of response and non-response odds for two and…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-27 S. Ghosh , P. Vellaisamy