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Blockchains have popularized automated market makers (AMMs). An AMM exchange is an application running on a blockchain which maintains a pool of crypto-assets and automatically trades assets with users governed by some pricing function that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 T-H. Hubert Chan , Ke Wu , Elaine Shi

Constant-product market making functions were first introduced by Hayden Adams in 2017 to create Uniswap, a decentralised exchange on Ethereum. This enables users to exchange assets at any given rate. Some variations such as Balancer and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Théodore Conrad , Arthur Vinciguerra , Guillaume Méroué

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies prioritize transactions based on their fees, creating a unique kind of fee market. Empirically, this market has failed to yield stable equilibria with predictable prices for desired levels of service. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Soumya Basu , David Easley , Maureen O'Hara , Emin Gün Sirer

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has revolutionized financial markets by enabling complex asset-exchange protocols without trusted intermediaries. Automated Market Makers (AMMs) are a central component of DeFi, providing the core functionality…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-03 Marco Dessalvi , Massimo Bartoletti , Alberto Lluch-Lafuente

Cryptocurrency trading represents a nascent field of research, with growing adoption in industry. Aided by its decentralised nature, many metrics describing cryptocurrencies are accessible with a simple Google search and update frequently,…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-07-27 Tom Liu , Stefan Zohren

This paper develops a rigorous mathematical framework for analyzing Concentrated Liquidity Market Makers (CLMMs) in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) within a continuous-time setting. We model the evolution of liquidity profiles as…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-12-25 Shen-Ning Tung , Tai-Ho Wang

This paper compares mathematical models for automated market makers including logarithmic market scoring rule (LMSR), liquidity sensitive LMSR (LS-LMSR), constant product/mean/sum, and others. It is shown that though LMSR may not be a good…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-21 Yongge Wang

Designing automated market makers (AMMs) for prediction markets on combinatorial securities over large outcome spaces poses significant computational challenges. Prior research has primarily focused on combinatorial prediction markets…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Prommy Sultana Hossain , Xintong Wang , Fang-Yi Yu

Recent works of Roughgarden (EC'21) and Chung and Shi (SODA'23) initiate the study of a new decentralized mechanism design problem called transaction fee mechanism design (TFM). Unlike the classical mechanism design literature, in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Elaine Shi , Hao Chung , Ke Wu

This work analytically characterizes impermanent loss for automated market makers (AMMs) in decentralized markets such as Uniswap or Balancer (CPMM). We derive a static replication formula for the pool's value using a combination of…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-31 Agustin Muñoz Gonzalez , Juan Ignacio Sequeira , Ariel Dembling

The circumcentered-reflection method (CRM) has been recently proposed as a methodology for accelerating several algorithms for solving the Convex Feasibility Problem (CFP), equivalent to finding a common fixed-point of the orthogonal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-07 Reza Arefidamghani , Roger Behling , Alfredo N. Iusem , Luiz-Rafael Santos

We study decentralized markets for goods whose utility perishes in time, with compute as a primary motivation. Recent advances in reproducible and verifiable execution allow jobs to pause, verify, and resume across heterogeneous hardware,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-21 Chengqi Zang , Gabriel P. Andrade , Oğuzhan Ersoy

The current design space of derivatives in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) relies heavily on oracle systems. Replicating market makers (RMMs) provide a mechanism for converting specific payoff functions to an associated Constant Function…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-06-06 Estelle Sterrett , Waylon Jepsen , Evan Kim

We present an automated market-making (AMM) cross-settlement mechanism for digital assets on interoperable blockchains, focusing on central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and stable coins. We develop an innovative approach for generating…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-09-28 Alex Lipton , Artur Sepp

Decentralized exchanges are widely used platforms for trading crypto assets. The most common types work with automated market makers (AMM), allowing traders to exchange assets without needing to find matching counterparties. Thereby,…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-12 Matthias Hafner , Helmut Dietl

OpenGM is a C++ template library for defining discrete graphical models and performing inference on these models, using a wide range of state-of-the-art algorithms. No restrictions are imposed on the factor graph to allow for higher-order…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-04 Bjoern Andres , Thorsten Beier , Joerg H. Kappes

Cryptocurrencies employ auction-esque transaction fee mechanisms (TFMs) to allocate transactions to blocks, and to determine how much fees miners can collect from transactions. Several impossibility results show that TFMs that satisfy a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yotam Gafni , Aviv Yaish

One of the exciting recent developments in decentralized finance (DeFi) has been the development of decentralized cryptocurrency exchanges that can autonomously handle conversion between different cryptocurrencies. Decentralized exchange…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-01-11 Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Qi Feng , Eugenio Grippo

The recently proposed Transaction Fee Mechanism (TFM) literature studies the strategic interaction between the miner of a block and the transaction creators (or users) in a blockchain. In a TFM, the miner includes transactions that maximize…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Sankarshan Damle , Varul Srivastava , Sujit Gujar

Cryptocurrencies (CCs) become more interesting for institutional investors' strategic asset allocation and will be a fixed component of professional portfolios in future. This asset class differs from established assets especially in terms…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-05-25 Christoph J. Börner , Ingo Hoffmann , Jonas Krettek , Lars M. Kürzinger , Tim Schmitz