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In this paper, we formulate inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) as an expert-learner interaction whereby the optimal performance intent of an expert or target agent is unknown to a learner agent. The learner observes the states and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Wenqian Xue , Bosen Lian , Jialu Fan , Tianyou Chai , Frank L. Lewis

A large body of research is currently investigating on the connection between machine learning and game theory. In this work, game theory notions are injected into a preference learning framework. Specifically, a preference learning problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Mirko Polato , Fabio Aiolli

Inverse Reinforcement Learning infers a reward function from expert demonstrations, aiming to encode the behavior and intentions of the expert. Current approaches usually do this with generative and uni-modal models, meaning that they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Niklas Freymuth , Philipp Becker , Gerhard Neumann

Intention recognition is an important characteristic of intelligent agents. In their interactions with others, they try to read others' intentions and make an image of others to choose their actions accordingly. While the way in which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Yuma Fujimoto , Kunihiko Kaneko

Classical game-theoretic approaches for multi-agent systems in both the forward policy design problem and the inverse reward learning problem often make strong rationality assumptions: agents perfectly maximize expected utilities under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Ran Tian , Liting Sun , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Stackelberg games originate where there are market leaders and followers, and the actions of leaders influence the behavior of the followers. Mathematical modelling of such games results in what's called a Bilevel Optimization problem.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Pravesh Koirala , Forrest Laine

We consider a number of questions related to tradeoffs between reward and regret in repeated gameplay between two agents. To facilitate this, we introduce a notion of $\textit{generalized equilibrium}$ which allows for asymmetric regret…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 William Brown , Jon Schneider , Kiran Vodrahalli

Traffic scenarios are inherently interactive. Multiple decision-makers predict the actions of others and choose strategies that maximize their rewards. We view these interactions from the perspective of game theory which introduces various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Christian Muench , Frans A. Oliehoek , Dariu M. Gavrila

Partially observable stochastic games provide a rich mathematical paradigm for modeling multi-agent dynamic decision making under uncertainty and partial information. However, they generally do not admit closed-form solutions and are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-15 Yanling Chang , Chelsea C. White

We consider a scenario in which two reinforcement learning agents repeatedly play a matrix game against each other and update their parameters after each round. The agents' decision-making is transparent to each other, which allows each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Adrian Hutter

Generative model-based imitation learning methods have recently achieved strong results in learning high-complexity motor skills from human demonstrations. However, imitation learning of interactive policies that coordinate with humans in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Max M. Sun , Todd Murphey

We introduce and study incentive equilibria for multi-player meanpayoff games. Incentive equilibria generalise well-studied solution concepts such as Nash equilibria and leader equilibria (also known as Stackelberg equilibria). Recall that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Anshul Gupta , M. S. Krishna Deepak , Bharath Kumar Padarthi , Sven Schewe , Ashutosh Trivedi

We present a novel framework for online learning in Stackelberg general-sum games, where two agents, the leader and follower, engage in sequential turn-based interactions. At the core of this approach is a learned diffeomorphism that maps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Larkin Liu , Kashif Rasul , Yutong Chao , Jalal Etesami

Autonomous agents should coordinate effectively without prior knowledge of others' intents. While prior work has focused on intent inference, we address the inverse problem: how agents can strategically demonstrate their intents within…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jingqi Li , Anand Siththaranjan , Somayeh Sojoudi , Claire Tomlin , Andrea Bajcsy

We study the problem of teaching via demonstrations in sequential decision-making tasks. In particular, we focus on the situation when the teacher has no access to the learner's model and policy, and the feedback from the learner is limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Rustam Zayanov , Francisco S. Melo , Manuel Lopes

Existing alignment methods directly use the reward model learned from user preference data to optimize an LLM policy, subject to KL regularization with respect to the base policy. This practice is suboptimal for maximizing user's utility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Haichuan Wang , Tao Lin , Lingkai Kong , Ce Li , Hezi Jiang , Milind Tambe

Recommending a sequence of activities for an ongoing case requires that the recommendations conform to the underlying business process and meet the performance goal of either completion time or process outcome. Existing work on next…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Prerna Agarwal , Avani Gupta , Renuka Sindhgatta , Sampath Dechu

We consider the problem of learning to perform a task from demonstrations given by teachers or experts, when some of the experts' demonstrations might be adversarial and demonstrate an incorrect way to perform the task. We propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Prithviraj Dasgupta

In this article, we present a new machine learning model by imitation based on the linguistic description of complex phenomena. The idea consists of, first, capturing the behaviour of human players by creating a computational perception…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Clemente Rubio-Manzano , Tomas Lermanda , CLaudia Martinez , Alejandra Segura , Christian Vidal

We address two-player general-sum stochastic Stackelberg games (SSGs), where the leader's policy is optimized considering the best-response follower whose policy is optimal for its reward under the leader. Existing policy gradient and value…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mikoto Kudo , Youhei Akimoto