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Deep neural networks such as AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold predict remarkably accurate structures of proteins compared to other algorithmic approaches. It is known that biologically small perturbations in the protein sequence do not lead to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-21 Sumit Kumar Jha , Arvind Ramanathan , Rickard Ewetz , Alvaro Velasquez , Susmit Jha

Reliable evaluation of protein structure predictions remains challenging, as metrics like pLDDT capture energetic stability but often miss subtle errors such as atomic clashes or conformational traps reflecting topological frustration…

Proteins exist as a dynamic ensemble of multiple conformations, and these motions are often crucial for their functions. However, current structure prediction methods predominantly yield a single conformation, overlooking the conformational…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-18 Advaith Maddipatla , Nadav Bojan Sellam , Meital Bojan , Sanketh Vedula , Paul Schanda , Ailie Marx , Alex M. Bronstein

AI algorithms have proven to be excellent predictors of protein structure, but whether and how much these algorithms can capture the underlying physics remains an open question. Here, we aim to test this question using the Alphafold2 (AF)…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-22 John M Mcbride , Tsvi Tlusty

How can we design protein sequences folding into the desired structures effectively and efficiently? AI methods for structure-based protein design have attracted increasing attention in recent years; however, few methods can simultaneously…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Pablo Chacón , Stan Z. Li

Cells of diatoms and related algae with complex plastids of red algal origin are highly compartmentalized. These plastids are surrounded by four envelope membranes, which also define the periplastidic compartment (PPC), the space between…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-28 Ansgar Gruber , Cedar McKay , Miroslav Oborník , Gabrielle Rocap

The fast evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious viruses poses a grand challenge to the rapid response in terms of viral tracking, diagnostics, and design and manufacture of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and vaccines, which are both…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-20 JunJie Wee , Guo-Wei Wei

Developing effective representations of protein structures is essential for advancing protein science, particularly for protein generative modeling. Current approaches often grapple with the complexities of the SE(3) manifold, rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shaoning Li , Le Zhuo , Yusong Wang , Mingyu Li , Xinheng He , Fandi Wu , Hongsheng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Computational prediction of stable crystal structures has a profound impact on the large-scale discovery of novel functional materials. However, predicting the crystal structure solely from a material's composition or formula is a promising…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-04-09 Yuqi Song , Rongzhi Dong , Lai Wei , Qin Li , Jianjun Hu

The rapid growth in the number of experimental and predicted protein structures and more complicated protein structures challenge users in computational biology for utilizing the structural information and protein surface property…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-08 Junkang Wei , Jin Xiao , Siyuan Chen , Licheng Zong , Xin Gao , Yu Li

The advent of highly accurate protein structure prediction methods has fueled an exponential expansion of the protein structure database. Consequently, there is a rising demand for rapid and precise structural homolog search. Traditional…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-01 Yuan Liu , Hong-Bin Shen

The seminal breakthrough of AlphaFold in protein structure prediction relied on a learned potential energy function parameterized by deep models, in contrast to its successors AlphaFold2 and AlphaFold3, which lack an explicit probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Thomas Hamelryck , Kanti V. Mardia

Highly accurate biomolecular structure prediction is a key component of developing biomolecular foundation models, and one of the most critical aspects of building foundation models is identifying the recipes for scaling the model. In this…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-02 Yi Zhou , Chan Lu , Yiming Ma , Wei Qu , Fei Ye , Kexin Zhang , Lan Wang , Minrui Gui , Quanquan Gu

Recent advancements in deep learning for predicting 3D protein structures have shown promise, particularly when leveraging inputs like protein sequences and Cryo-Electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) images. However, these techniques often fall…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jaydeep Rade , Ethan Herron , Soumik Sarkar , Anwesha Sarkar , Adarsh Krishnamurthy

AlphaFold can be used for both single-chain and multi-chain protein structure prediction, while the latter becomes extremely challenging as the number of chains increases. In this work, by taking each chain as a node and assembly actions as…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Ziqi Gao , Tao Feng , Jiaxuan You , Chenyi Zi , Yan Zhou , Chen Zhang , Jia Li

Protein-RNA interactions are of vital importance to a variety of cellular activities. Both experimental and computational techniques have been developed to study the interactions. Due to the limitation of the previous database, especially…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-24 Junkang Wei , Siyuan Chen , Licheng Zong , Xin Gao , Yu Li

We introduce IntFold, a controllable foundation model for general and specialized biomolecular structure prediction. Utilizing a high-performance custom attention kernel, IntFold achieves accuracy comparable to the state-of-the-art…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-08 The IntFold Team , Leon Qiao , Wayne Bai , He Yan , Gary Liu , Nova Xi , Xiang Zhang , Siqi Sun

Proteins are the major building blocks of life, and actuators of almost all chemical and biophysical events in living organisms. Their native structures in turn enable their biological functions which have a fundamental role in drug design.…

Investigating conformational landscapes of proteins is a crucial way to understand their biological functions and properties. AlphaFlow stands out as a sequence-conditioned generative model that introduces flexibility into structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Shaoning Li , Mingyu Li , Yusong Wang , Xinheng He , Nanning Zheng , Jian Zhang , Pheng-Ann Heng