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Parallel sampling promises substantial gains in test-time scaling, but its effectiveness is sharply limited by diversity collapse, where models concentrate on a few modes and repeated samples produce the same mistakes. We propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chen Henry Wu , Sachin Goyal , Aditi Raghunathan

Few-shot learning problem focuses on recognizing unseen classes given a few labeled images. In recent effort, more attention is paid to fine-grained feature embedding, ignoring the relationship among different distance metrics. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Jinxiang Lai , Siqian Yang , Guannan Jiang , Xi Wang , Yuxi Li , Zihui Jia , Xiaochen Chen , Jun Liu , Bin-Bin Gao , Wei Zhang , Yuan Xie , Chengjie Wang

Unlike traditional Multimodal Class-Incremental Learning (MCIL) methods that focus only on vision and text, this paper explores MCIL across vision, audio and text modalities, addressing challenges in integrating complementary information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yukun Chen , Zihuan Qiu , Fanman Meng , Hongliang Li , Linfeng Xu , Qingbo Wu

Multimodal learning aims to imitate human beings to acquire complementary information from multiple modalities for various downstream tasks. However, traditional aggregation-based multimodal fusion methods ignore the inter-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Heqing Zou , Meng Shen , Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Deepu Rajan , Eng Siong Chng

Due to the ever-growing diversity of the data source, multi-modality feature learning has attracted more and more attention. However, most of these methods are designed by jointly learning feature representation from multi-modalities that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Danfeng Hong , Jocelyn Chanussot , Naoto Yokoya , Jian Kang , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Multiview assisted learning has gained significant attention in recent years in supervised learning genre. Availability of high performance computing devices enables learning algorithms to search simultaneously over multiple views or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Avisek Lahiri , Biswajit Paria , Prabir Kumar Biswas

Building general-purpose models that can effectively perceive the world through multimodal signals has been a long-standing goal. Current approaches involve integrating separately pre-trained components, such as connecting vision encoders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Mustafa Shukor , Enrico Fini , Victor Guilherme Turrisi da Costa , Matthieu Cord , Joshua Susskind , Alaaeldin El-Nouby

Mutual learning is an ensemble training strategy to improve generalization by transferring individual knowledge to each other while simultaneously training multiple models. In this work, we propose an effective mutual learning method for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Wonpyo Park , Wonjae Kim , Kihyun You , Minsu Cho

Model merging is a powerful technique for integrating the specialized knowledge of multiple machine learning models into a single model. However, existing methods require manually partitioning model parameters into fixed groups for merging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-25 João Abrantes , Robert Tjarko Lange , Yujin Tang

The success of vision-language models is primarily attributed to effective alignment across modalities such as vision and language. However, modality gaps persist in existing alignment algorithms and appear necessary for human perception as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hanqi Yan , Xiangxiang Cui , Lu Yin , Jindong Gu , Paul Pu Liang , Yulan He , Yifei Wang

Different modalities hold considerable gaps in optimization trajectories, including speeds and paths, which lead to modality laziness and modality clash when jointly training multimodal models, resulting in insufficient and imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Xiaoyu Ma , Hao Chen , Yongjian Deng

Multimodal models often converge to a dominant-modality solution, in which a stronger, faster-converging modality overshadows weaker ones. This modality imbalance causes suboptimal performance. Existing methods attempt to balance different…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zechang Xiong , Da Li , Kexin Tang , Pengyuan Li , Wenkang Kong , Yulan Hu

This paper proposes a cold start recommendation model that integrates contrastive learning, aiming to solve the problem of performance degradation of recommendation systems in cold start scenarios due to the scarcity of user and item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jiacheng Hu , Tai An , Zidong Yu , Junliang Du , Yuanshuai Luo

Multimodal learning has shown significant superiority on various tasks by integrating multiple modalities. However, the interdependencies among modalities increase the susceptibility of multimodal models to adversarial attacks. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Junrui Zhang , Xinyu Zhao , Jie Peng , Chenjie Wang , Jianmin Ji , Tianlong Chen

Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient alternative for fine-tuning foundational models, such as CLIP, for various downstream tasks. However, there is no work that provides a comprehensive explanation for the working mechanism of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shuailei Ma , Chen-Wei Xie , Ying Wei , Siyang Sun , Jiaqi Fan , Xiaoyi Bao , Yuxin Guo , Yun Zheng

Gradient-based meta-learners such as MAML are able to learn a meta-prior from similar tasks to adapt to novel tasks from the same distribution with few gradient updates. One important limitation of such frameworks is that they seek a common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Risto Vuorio , Shao-Hua Sun , Hexiang Hu , Joseph J. Lim

Multimodal sentiment analysis is a core research area that studies speaker sentiment expressed from the language, visual, and acoustic modalities. The central challenge in multimodal learning involves inferring joint representations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Hai Pham , Paul Pu Liang , Thomas Manzini , Louis-Philippe Morency , Barnabas Poczos

The convergence of cross-modal adversarial learning and physics-driven methods represents a cutting-edge direction for tackling challenges in complex multi-modal tasks and scientific computing. This review focuses on systematically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Hana Satou , Alan Mitkiy

Knowledge Tracing is the process of tracking mastery level of different skills of students for a given learning domain. It is one of the key components for building adaptive learning systems and has been investigated for decades. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Xinyi Ding , Tao Han , Yili Fang , Eric Larson

Recent unified multi-modal encoders align a wide range of modalities into a shared representation space, enabling diverse cross-modal tasks. Despite their impressive capabilities, the robustness of these models under adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Chih-Ting Liao , Zhangquan Chen , Chunlei Meng , Tzu-Yu Huang , Xin Cao , Xu Zheng