Related papers: Superselection sectors in the 3d Toric Code

In this article, we apply the world sheet approach developed in earlier work to QCD in 1+2 dimensions. The starting point is a field theory on the world sheet that reproduces the planar graphs of QCD parametrized by the light cone…

One cannot yet point to any firm string prediction. While many approximate string ground states are known with interesting properties, we do not have any argument that one or another describes what we observe around us, and for reasons…

Using ideas from our long studied Novel String Field Theory we consider in this article a bound state of infinitely many constituents, something that at least very approximately could mean a hadron, since hadrons have typically very many…

A review of orbifold geometry is given, followed by a review of the construction of four-dimensional heterotic string models by compactification on a six-dimensional Z_3 orbifold. Particular attention is given to the details of the…

String-net models allow us to systematically construct and classify 2+1D topologically ordered states which can have gapped boundaries. We can use a simple ideal string-net wavefunction, which is described by a set of F-matrices [or more…

String geometry theory is a candidate of the non-perturbative formulation of string theory. In order to determine the string vacuum, we need to clarify how superstring backgrounds are described in string geometry theory. In this paper, we…

Using the topological membrane approach to string theory, we suggest a geometric origin for the heterotic string. We show how different membrane boundary conditions lead to different string theories. We discuss the construction of closed…

This Ph.D. thesis investigates effective field and string theories in which supersymmetry is realized and broken in various ways. Chapter 1 addresses effective theories with nonlinearly realized supersymmetry, constructed using the…

We show that band topology can dramatically change the photophysics of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors. For systems in which states near the band extrema are of multiple orbitals character and the spinors describing the orbital…

We investigate the mechanism by which topological defects form in first order phase transitions with a charged order parameter. We show how thick superconductor vortices and heavy cosmic strings form by trapping of magnetic flux. In an…

We discuss the continuum field theory limit of the physical scenario described in Ref. [1], the universe arising from the interpretation of the most general collection of logical codes in terms of distributions of units of energy along…

The invariant classification of superintegrable systems is reviewed and utilized to construct singular limits between the systems. It is shown, by construction, that all superintegrable systems on conformally flat, 3D complex Riemannian…

We construct the low-lying discrete states of the two-scalar $W_3$ string. This includes states that correspond to the analogues of the ground ring generators of the ordinary two-dimensional string. These give rise to infinite towers of…

The topic of cosmic strings provides a bridge between the physics of the very small and the very large. They are predicted by some unified theories of particle interactions. If they exist, they may help to explain some of the largest-scale…

We introduce geometric consideration into the theory of formal languages. We aim to shed light on our understanding of global patterns that occur on infinite strings. We utilise methods of geometric group theory. Our emphasis is on large…

We give a pedagogical introduction to topologically ordered states of matter, with the aim of familiarizing the reader with their axiomatic topological quantum field theory description. We introduce basic noninteracting topological phases…

Beginning with a review of the arguments leading to the so-called c=1 barrier in the continuum formulation of noncritical string theory, the pathology is then exhibited in a discretized version of the theory, formulated through dynamical…

We study topological order in a toric code in three spatial dimensions, or a 3+1D Z_2 gauge theory, at finite temperature. We compute exactly the topological entropy of the system, and show that it drops, for any infinitesimal temperature,…

We study the nonlinear realization of supersymmetry in a dynamical/cosmological background in which derivative terms like kinetic terms are finite. Starting from linearly realized theories, we integrate out heavy modes without neglecting…

A unified scheme for treating generalized superselection sectors is proposed on the basis of the notion of selection criteria to characterize states of relevance to each specific domain in quantum physics, ranging from the relativistic…