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The recent research in semi-supervised learning (SSL) is mostly dominated by consistency regularization based methods which achieve strong performance. However, they heavily rely on domain-specific data augmentations, which are not easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S Rawat , Mubarak Shah

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has recently proven to be an effective paradigm for leveraging a huge amount of unlabeled data while mitigating the reliance on large labeled data. Conventional methods focused on extracting a pseudo label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Jiwon Kim , Kwangrok Ryoo , Gyuseong Lee , Seokju Cho , Junyoung Seo , Daehwan Kim , Hansang Cho , Seungryong Kim

Self-training is an effective approach to semi-supervised learning. The key idea is to let the learner itself iteratively generate "pseudo-supervision" for unlabeled instances based on its current hypothesis. In combination with consistency…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-05 Julian Lienen , Eyke Hüllermeier

In this paper we consider the problem of semi-supervised learning with deep Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets). Semi-supervised learning is motivated on the observation that unlabeled data is cheap and can be used to improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Mehdi Sajjadi , Mehran Javanmardi , Tolga Tasdizen

Self-training is a powerful approach to deep learning. The key process is to find a pseudo-label for modeling. However, previous self-training algorithms suffer from the over-confidence issue brought by the hard labels, even some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zijia Wang , Wenbin Yang , Zhisong Liu , Zhen Jia

Semi-supervised learning acts as an effective way to leverage massive unlabeled data. In this paper, we propose a novel training strategy, termed as Semi-supervised Contrastive Learning (SsCL), which combines the well-known contrastive loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Yuhang Zhang , Xiaopeng Zhang , Robert. C. Qiu , Jie Li , Haohang Xu , Qi Tian

Recent advancements in semi-supervised deep learning have introduced effective strategies for leveraging both labeled and unlabeled data to improve classification performance. This work proposes a semi-supervised framework that utilizes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Aydin Abedinia , Shima Tabakhi , Vahid Seydi

In semi-supervised learning, information from unlabeled examples is used to improve the model learned from labeled examples. In some learning problems, partial label information can be inferred from otherwise unlabeled examples and used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Colin B. Hansen , Vishwesh Nath , Diego A. Mesa , Yuankai Huo , Bennett A. Landman , Thomas A. Lasko

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a scalable way to learn general visual representations since it learns without labels. However, large-scale unlabeled datasets in the wild often have long-tailed label distributions, where we know little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hong Liu , Jeff Z. HaoChen , Adrien Gaidon , Tengyu Ma

Semi-supervised learning frameworks usually adopt mutual learning approaches with multiple submodels to learn from different perspectives. To avoid transferring erroneous pseudo labels between these submodels, a high threshold is usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Hao Xu , Hui Xiao , Huazheng Hao , Li Dong , Xiaojie Qiu , Chengbin Peng

In semi-supervised medical image segmentation, the poor quality of unlabeled data and the uncertainty in the model's predictions lead to models that inevitably produce erroneous pseudo-labels. These errors accumulate throughout model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shiwei Zhou , Xin Liu , Haifeng Zhao , Bin Luo , Dengdi Sun

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation aims to utilize limited labeled images and abundant unlabeled images to achieve label-efficient learning, wherein the weak-to-strong consistency regularization framework, popularized by FixMatch, is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Wentao Pan , Zhe Xu , Jiangpeng Yan , Zihan Wu , Raymond Kai-yu Tong , Xiu Li , Jianhua Yao

Consistency learning plays a crucial role in semi-supervised medical image segmentation as it enables the effective utilization of limited annotated data while leveraging the abundance of unannotated data. The effectiveness and efficiency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Zhenxi Zhang , Ran Ran , Chunna Tian , Heng Zhou , Xin Li , Fan Yang , Zhicheng Jiao

Due to the costliness of labelled data in real-world applications, semi-supervised object detectors, underpinned by pseudo labelling, are appealing. However, handling confusing samples is nontrivial: discarding valuable confusing samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Changrui Chen , Kurt Debattista , Jungong Han

Pseudo-labels are confident predictions made on unlabeled target data by a classifier trained on labeled source data. They are widely used for adapting a model to unlabeled data, e.g., in a semi-supervised learning setting. Our key insight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Xudong Wang , Zhirong Wu , Long Lian , Stella X. Yu

Semi-supervised learning is a challenging problem which aims to construct a model by learning from a limited number of labeled examples. Numerous methods have been proposed to tackle this problem, with most focusing on utilizing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Peng Tu , Yawen Huang , Rongrong Ji , Feng Zheng , Ling Shao

In fine-grained road scene understanding, semantic segmentation plays a crucial role in enabling vehicles to perceive and comprehend their surroundings. By assigning a specific class label to each pixel in an image, it allows for precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yuting Hong , Yongkang Wu , Hui Xiao , Huazheng Hao , Xiaojie Qiu , Baochen Yao , Chengbin Peng

The advancement of deep learning has greatly improved supervised image classification. However, labeling data is costly, prompting research into unsupervised learning methods such as contrastive learning. In real-world scenarios, fully…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Shogo Nakayama , Masahiro Okuda

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) constructs classifiers using both labelled and unlabelled data. It leverages information from labelled samples, whose acquisition is often costly or labour-intensive, together with unlabelled data to enhance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-29 Jinran Wu , You-Gan Wang , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

Recent state-of-the-art method FlexMatch firstly demonstrated that correctly estimating learning status is crucial for semi-supervised learning (SSL). However, the estimation method proposed by FlexMatch does not take into account…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Zhimin Chen , Longlong Jing , Liang Yang , Yingwei Li , Bing Li
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