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Identifying strong lensing gravitational wave (SLGW) events is of utmost importance in astrophysics as we approach the historic first detection of SLGW amidst the growing number of gravitational wave (GW) events. Currently, one crucial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-24 Xikai Shan , Xuechun Chen , Bin Hu , Guoliang Li

Next-generation gravitational wave (GW) experiments will explore higher frequency ranges, where GW wavelengths approach the size of the detector itself. In this regime, GWs may be detected not just through the well-known mechanical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-01 Lars Fischer , Tom Krokotsch , Gudrid Moortgat-Pick

The gravitational waves (GWs) has been a topic of interest for its versatile capabilities of probing several aspects of cosmology and early Universe. Gravitational lensing enhances further the extent of this sort of waves and upgrade our…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-20 Ashadul Halder , Shibaji Banerjee , Debasish Majumdar

Binary systems with ultrashort-period planetary-mass companions are expected to radiate continuous gravitational waves (GWs). However, earlier studies found that the detectability of such systems by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-08 Abdusattar Kurban , Xia Zhou , Na Wang , Yong-Feng Huang , Wenming Yan , Jianping Yuan , Ali Esamdin , Yu-Bin Wang , Zhigang Wen , Rai Yuen

Gravitational microlensing in the wave-optics (WO) regime occurs when the Schwarzschild radius of a lensing object is comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of incoming gravitational waves (GWs), producing chromatic amplitude and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-21 Aniruddha Chakraborty , Suvodip Mukherjee

The gravitational lensing effect of gravitational waves (GWs) has been extensively discussed as a probe of small-mass dark matter halos, which can provide missing information about dark matter. We propose a multi-band observation of lensed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-25 Katsuya T. Abe , Shun Arai , Ryoto Inui , Takahiro S. Yamamoto , Hirotaka Yarimoto , Shuichiro Yokoyama

Owing to the forecasted improved sensitivity of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, new research avenues will become accessible. This is the case for gravitational-wave strong lensing, predicted with a non-negligible observation rate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-18 Justin Janquart , K. Haris , Otto A. Hannuksela , Chris Van Den Broeck

With increasing sensitivities of the current ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, the prospects of detecting a strongly lensed GW signal are going to be high in the coming years. When such a signal passes through an intervening…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 Anuj Mishra , Ashish Kumar Meena , Anupreeta More , Sukanta Bose , J S Bagla

In light of the newly opened and rapidly growing gravitational waves window in multi-messenger astronomy, in order to fully take advantage of the new opportunities we are provided with, new ideas are required for a better and deeper employ…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-06 Paolo Cremonese , Vincenzo Salzano

Clustering measurements of Gravitational Wave (GW) mergers in Luminosity Distance Space can be used in the future as a powerful tool for Cosmology. We consider tomographic measurements of the Angular Power Spectrum of mergers both in an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-23 S. Libanore , M. C. Artale , D. Karagiannis , M. Liguori , N. Bartolo , Y. Bouffanais , N. Giacobbo , M. Mapelli , S. Matarrese

Alternative theories of gravity predict up to six distinct polarization modes for gravitational waves. Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves allows us to probe the polarization content of these signals by effectively…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-03 Ignacio Magaña Hernandez

A conservative constraint on the Einstein Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) can be obtained under the assumption that the observed time delay between correlated particles from astronomical sources is dominated by the gravitational fields…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-03 Xue-Feng Wu , He Gao , Jun-Jie Wei , Xi-Long Fan , Peter Mészáros , Bing Zhang , Zi-Gao Dai , Shuang-Nan Zhang , Zong-Hong Zhu

The cosmic dipole observed in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is traditionally interpreted as being caused by the observer's motion relative to the background. However, tensions with dipole measurements from radio galaxy counts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-20 Anson Chen , Jun Zhang

The measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ plays a central role in modern cosmology. In this work, we investigate the potential of strongly lensed gravitational-wave (SLGW) signals from massive binary black hole mergers to constrain $H_0$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Yong Yuan , Minghui Du , Wen-Fan Feng , Benyang Zhu , Qing Diao , Peng Xu , Xilong Fan

The cold dark matter scenario of hierarchical large-scale structure formation predicts the existence of abundant subhalos around large galaxies. However, the number of observed dwarf galaxies is far from this theoretical prediction,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-02 Kai Liao , Xuheng Ding , Marek Biesiada , Xi-Long Fan , Zong-Hong Zhu

The expected event rate of lensed gravitational wave sources scales with the merger rate at redshift $z\geq 1$, where the optical depth for lensing is high. It is commonly assumed that the merger rate of the astrophysical compact objects is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-21 Suvodip Mukherjee , Tom Broadhurst , Jose M. Diego , Joseph Silk , George F. Smoot

The gravitational-wave (GW) detections reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration have so far been consistent with quasi-circular compact binary coalescences (CBCs). Nevertheless, a small fraction of binaries driven to merge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-02 Priscilla Canizares , Seppe J. Staelens , Isobel Romero-Shaw

In the era of the next-generation gravitational-wave detectors, signal overlaps will become prevalent due to high detection rate and long signal duration, posing significant challenges to data analysis. While effective algorithms are being…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-22 Ziming Wang , Zexin Hu , Lijing Shao

In the gravitational lensing of gravitational waves, the wave optics should be used instead of the geometrical optics when the wavelength $\lambda$ of the gravitational waves is longer than the Schwarzschild radius of the lens mass $M_L$.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ryuichi Takahashi , Takashi Nakamura

Although the general theory of relativity (GR) predicts that gravitational waves (GWs) have exactly the same propagation velocity as electromagnetic (EM) waves, many theories of gravity beyond GR expect otherwise. Accurate measurement of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-06 Tian-Yong Cao , Ankit Kumar , Shu-Xu Yi