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Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are used to protect sensitive data and run secure execution for security-critical applications, by providing an environment isolated from the rest of the system. However, over the last few years, TEEs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Sérgio Pereira , David Cerdeira , Cristiano Rodrigues , Sandro Pinto

In recent years, the increasing awareness of cybersecurity has led to a heightened focus on information security within hardware devices and products. Incorporating Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) into product designs has become a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Chun-I Fan , Li-En Chang , Cheng-Han Shie

The ever-rising computation demand is forcing the move from the CPU to heterogeneous specialized hardware, which is readily available across modern datacenters through disaggregated infrastructure. On the other hand, trusted execution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Moritz Schneider , Aritra Dhar , Ivan Puddu , Kari Kostiainen , Srdjan Capkun

Confidential Virtual Machines (CVMs) provide isolation guarantees for data in use, but their threat model does not include physical level protection and side-channel attacks. Therefore, current deployments rely on trusted cloud providers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Filip Rezabek , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Moe Mahhouk , Frieder Erdmann , Andrew Miller

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have become a cornerstone of confidential computing, attracting significant attention from academia and industry. To support secure and scalable application deployment on confidential clouds, TEE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weijie Liu , Hongbo Chen , Shuo Huai , Zhen Xu , Wenhao Wang , XiaoFeng Wang , Danfeng Zhang , Zhi Li , Haixu Tang , Zheli Liu

Hardware-based Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in cloud computing, forming the basis for confidential computing. However, the security goals of TEEs sometimes conflict with existing cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Yoshimichi Nakatsuka , Ercan Ozturk , Alex Shamis , Andrew Paverd , Peter Pietzuch

Over the past few years, several research groups have introduced innovative hardware designs for Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), aiming to secure applications against potentially compromised privileged software, including the kernel.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Gwenn Le Gonidec , Maria Méndez Real , Guillaume Bouffard , Jean-Christophe Prévotet

A niche corner of the Web3 world is increasingly making use of hardware-based Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to build decentralized infrastructure. One of the motivations to use TEEs is to go beyond the current performance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Sylvain Bellemare

The increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in cloud environments raises critical security concerns, particularly regarding model confidentiality and data privacy. Confidential computing, enabled by Trusted Execution…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ben Dong , Qian Wang

There is an urgent demand for privacy-preserving techniques capable of supporting compute and data intensive (CDI) computing in the era of big data. However, none of existing TEEs can truly support CDI computing tasks, as CDI requires high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Jianping Zhu , Rui Hou , XiaoFeng Wang , Wenhao Wang , Jiangfeng Cao , Lutan Zhao , Fengkai Yuan , Peinan Li , Zhongpu Wang , Boyan Zhao , Lixin Zhang , Dan Meng

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are critical components of modern secure computing, providing isolated zones in processors to safeguard sensitive data and execute secure operations. Despite their importance, TEEs are increasingly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Aaron Joy , Ben Soh , Zhi Zhang , Sri Parameswaran , Darshana Jayasinghe

In recent years, the widespread informatization and rapid data explosion have increased the demand for high-performance heterogeneous systems that integrate multiple computing cores such as CPUs, Graphics Processing Units (GPUs),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Qifan Wang , David Oswald

To ensure secure and trustworthy execution of applications, vendors frequently embed trusted execution environments into their systems. Here, applications are protected from adversaries, including a malicious operating system. TEEs are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Pascal Nasahl , Robert Schilling , Mario Werner , Stefan Mangard

With the increasing popularity of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, securing sensitive user data has emerged as a major challenge. These devices often collect confidential information, such as audio and visual data, through peripheral…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Peterson Yuhala , Jämes Ménétrey , Pascal Felber , Marcelo Pasin , Valerio Schiavoni

High-Performance Computing (HPC) in the public cloud democratizes the supercomputing power that most users cannot afford to purchase and maintain. Researchers have studied its viability, performance, and usability. However, HPC in the cloud…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Keke Chen

It has been a long standing problem to securely outsource computation tasks to an untrusted party with integrity and confidentiality guarantees. While fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a promising technique that allows computations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Wenhao Wang , Yichen Jiang , Qintao Shen , Weihao Huang , Hao Chen , Shuang Wang , XiaoFeng Wang , Haixu Tang , Kai Chen , Kristin Lauter , Dongdai Lin

Modern data centers have grown beyond CPU nodes to provide domain-specific accelerators such as GPUs and FPGAs to their customers. From a security standpoint, cloud customers want to protect their data. They are willing to pay additional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Aritra Dhar , Supraja Sridhara , Shweta Shinde , Srdjan Capkun , Renzo Andri

Graph encryption schemes play a crucial role in facilitating secure queries on encrypted graphs hosted on untrusted servers. With applications spanning navigation systems, network topology, and social networks, the need to safeguard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Seyni Kane , Anis Bkakria

Data hosted in a cloud environment can be subject to attacks from a higher privileged adversary, such as a malicious or compromised cloud provider. To provide confidentiality and integrity even in the presence of such an adversary, a number…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Mathias Morbitzer

The majority of cloud providers offers users the possibility to deploy Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to protect their data and processes from high privileged adversaries. This offer is intended to address concerns of users when…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Mathias Morbitzer , Benedikt Kopf , Philipp Zieris