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Machine learning is becoming increasingly popular in the context of particle physics. Supervised learning, which uses labeled Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, remains one of the most widely used methods for discriminating signals beyond the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-29 Franck Rothen , Samuel Klein , Matthew Leigh , Tobias Golling

Most membership inference attacks (MIAs) against Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on global signals, like average loss, to identify training data. This approach, however, dilutes the subtle, localized signals of memorization, reducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuetian Chen , Yuntao Du , Kaiyuan Zhang , Ashish Kundu , Charles Fleming , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on massive web-scale corpora, raising growing concerns about privacy and copyright. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a given example was used during training. Existing LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ravi Ranjan , Utkarsh Grover , Xiaomin Lin , Agoritsa Polyzou

Membership Inference Attack (MIA) aims to determine whether a specific data sample was included in the training dataset of a target model. Traditional MIA approaches rely on shadow models to mimic target model behavior, but their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Li Cuihong , Huang Xiaowen , Yin Chuanhuan , Sang Jitao

Recent advancements in diffusion models revolutionize image generation but pose risks of misuse, such as replicating artworks or generating deepfakes. Existing image protection methods, though effective, struggle to balance protection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Namhyuk Ahn , KiYoon Yoo , Wonhyuk Ahn , Daesik Kim , Seung-Hun Nam

Deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which poses an indisputable threat to their applications. However, recent studies observe gradient-masking defenses are self-deceiving methods if an attacker can realize this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yueyao Yu , Pengfei Yu , Wenye Li

Diffusion models (DMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various generative tasks such as image synthesis, text-to-image, and text-guided image-to-image generation. However, the more powerful the DMs, the more harmful they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Vu Tuan Truong , Luan Ba Dang , Long Bao Le

Existing black-box attacks have demonstrated promising potential in creating adversarial examples (AE) to deceive deep learning models. Most of these attacks need to handle a vast optimization space and require a large number of queries,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Renyang Liu , Wei Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Kangjie Chen , Jun Zhao , Kwok-Yan Lam

Recent studies that incorporate geometric features and transformers into 3D point cloud feature learning have significantly improved the performance of 3D deep-learning models. However, their robustness against adversarial attacks has not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Xuelong Dai , Bin Xiao

Membership inference attacks serves as useful tool for fair use of language models, such as detecting potential copyright infringement and auditing data leakage. However, many current state-of-the-art attacks require access to models'…

State-of-the-art membership inference attacks (MIAs) typically require training many reference models, making it difficult to scale these attacks to large pre-trained language models (LLMs). As a result, prior research has either relied on…

Deep learning (DL) is becoming popular as a new tool for many applications in wireless communication systems. However, for many classification tasks (e.g., modulation classification) it has been shown that DL-based wireless systems are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-29 B. R. Manoj , Meysam Sadeghi , Erik G. Larsson

Diffusion models (DMs) are advanced deep learning models that achieved state-of-the-art capability on a wide range of generative tasks. However, recent studies have shown their vulnerability regarding backdoor attacks, in which backdoored…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Vu Tuan Truong , Long Bao Le

Model Inversion Attacks (MIAs) pose a significant threat to data privacy by reconstructing sensitive training samples from the knowledge embedded in trained machine learning models. Despite recent progress in enhancing the effectiveness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hongyao Yu , Yixiang Qiu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Bin Chen , Sijin Yu , Bin Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Black-box query attacks, which rely only on the output of the victim model, have proven to be effective in attacking deep learning models. However, existing black-box query attacks show low performance in a novel scenario where only a few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Xiangyuan Yang , Jie Lin , Hanlin Zhang , Xinyu Yang , Peng Zhao

The widespread application of deep neural network (DNN) techniques is being challenged by adversarial examples, the legitimate input added with imperceptible and well-designed perturbations that can fool DNNs easily in the DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Yixiang Wang , Jiqiang Liu , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić

Authentication systems are vulnerable to model inversion attacks where an adversary is able to approximate the inverse of a target machine learning model. Biometric models are a prime candidate for this type of attack. This is because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Sohaib Ahmad , Benjamin Fuller , Kaleel Mahmood

A number of recent works have demonstrated that API access to machine learning models leaks information about the dataset records used to train the models. Further, the work of \cite{somesh-overfit} shows that such membership inference…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Hassan Jameel Asghar , Raghav Bhaskar , Mohamed Ali Kaafar

While many unsupervised learning models focus on one family of tasks, either generative or discriminative, we explore the possibility of a unified representation learner: a model which uses a single pre-training stage to address both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Soumik Mukhopadhyay , Matthew Gwilliam , Vatsal Agarwal , Namitha Padmanabhan , Archana Swaminathan , Srinidhi Hegde , Tianyi Zhou , Abhinav Shrivastava

Although adversarial robustness has been extensively studied in white-box settings, recent advances in black-box attacks (including transfer- and query-based approaches) are primarily benchmarked against weak defenses, leaving a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Mohamed Djilani , Salah Ghamizi , Maxime Cordy