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An arteriovenous fistula, created by artificially connecting segments of a patient's vasculature, is the preferred way to gain access to the bloodstream for kidney dialysis. The increasing power and availability of supercomputing…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 J. W. S. McCullough , P. V. Coveney

Manipulation of micro/nano particles has been well studied and demonstrated by optical, electromagnetic, and acoustic approaches, or their combinations. Manipulation of internal structure of droplet/particle is rarely explored and remains…

An active dissipative process organizes auditory frequency analysis in the mammalian cochlea. A minimal active beam model reveals that a spatially varying viscous coupling operator, $\partial_{xx}\kappa\partial_{xx}$, generates dissipative…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Yasuki Murakami

Additive fabrication of biocompatible 3D structures out of liquid hydrogel solutions has become pivotal technology for tissue engineering, soft robotics, biosensing, drug delivery, etc. Electron and X-ray lithography are well suited to…

Cell shape changes, essential for processes such as motility or division, are controlled by the actomyosin cortex that actively remodels biological membranes. Their mechanisms can be deciphered in___vitro using biomimetic reconstituted…

We introduce an Active Vertex Model (AVM) for cell-resolution studies of the mechanics of confluent epithelial tissues consisting of tens of thousands of cells, with a level of detail inaccessible to similar methods. The AVM combines the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-12-20 Daniel L. Barton , Silke Henkes , Cornelis J. Weijer , Rastko Sknepnek

Accurate segmentation of vascular networks from sparse CT scan slices remains a significant challenge in medical imaging, particularly due to the thin, branching nature of vessels and the inherent sparsity between imaging planes. Existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Salvatore Esposito , Daniel Rebain , Arno Onken , Changjian Li , Oisin Mac Aodha

Pulsatile flow through compressed or defective blood vessels is a topic of fundamental importance in hemodynamics, particularly in cardiovascular research. This study examines flow dynamics within a tube with a bipolar cross section,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Doyeol , Ahn

In fluid-filled microchannels embedded in solid devices and driven by MHz ultrasound transducers, the thickness of the viscous boundary layer in the fluid near the confining walls is typically 3 to 4 orders of magnitude smaller than the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-09 Sazid Z. Hoque , Henrik Bruus

Flow of cerebrospinal fluid in perivascular spaces is a key mechanism underlying brain transport and clearance. In this paper, we present a mathematical and numerical formalism for reduced models of pulsatile viscous fluid flow in networks…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-11-25 Cécile Daversin-Catty , Ingeborg G. Gjerde , Marie E. Rognes

Over the past decade, optical wavefront shaping has been developed to focus light through highly opaque scattering layers, opening new possibilities for biomedical applications. To probe light intensity deep inside soft scattering media…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-25 Fei Xia , Ivo Leite , Robert Prevedel , Thomas Chaigne

Advances in additive manufacturing have enabled the realisation of inexpensive, scalable, diffractive acoustic lenses that can be used to generate complex acoustic fields via phase and/or amplitude modulation. However, the design of these…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Antonio Stanziola , Ben T. Cox , Bradley E. Treeby , Michael D. Brown

Wave-guide-based physical systems provide a promising route toward energy-efficient analog computing beyond traditional electronics. Within this landscape, acoustic neural networks represent a promising approach for achieving low-power…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ivan Kalthoff , Marcel Rey , Raphael Wittkowski

This postdoctoral thesis starts by reviewing the historic development of airplane structures and high lift devices from an engineering point of view. However, the main purpose of this document is the development of a novel concept for shape…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-25 Markus Pagitz

Segmentation of biomedical images is essential for studying and characterizing anatomical structures, detection and evaluation of pathological tissues. Segmentation has been further shown to enhance the reconstruction performance in many…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-01-11 Subhamoy Mandal , Xosé Luís Deán-Ben , Daniel Razansky

Presented in this paper are measurements of an optomechanical device in which various acoustic modes of a sample of superfluid helium couple to a fiber-based optical cavity. In contrast with recent work on the paraxial acoustic mode…

Underneath the ear skin there are richly branching vascular and neural networks that ultimately connecting to our heart and brain. Hence, the three-dimensional (3D) mapping of auricular electrophysiological signals could provide a new…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-13 Q. Huang , C. Wu , S. Hou , H. Sun , K. Yao , J. Law , M. Yang , A. L. R. Vellaisamy , X. Yu , H. Y. Chan , L. Lao , Y. Sun , W. J. Li

Accurate vessel segmentation is critical for clinical applications such as disease diagnosis and surgical planning, yet remains challenging due to thin, branching structures and low texture contrast. While foundation models like the Segment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Suzhong Fu , Rui Sun , Xuan Ding , Jingqi Dong , Yiming Yang , Yao Zhu , Min Chang Jordan Ren , Delin Deng , Angelica Aviles-Rivero , Shuguang Cui , Zhen Li

The exact shape of intracranial aneurysms is critical in medical diagnosis and surgical planning. While voxel-based deep learning frameworks have been proposed for this segmentation task, their performance remains limited. In this study, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-06 Xi Yang , Ding Xia , Taichi Kin , Takeo Igarashi

This work develops a computational and theoretical framework for determining effective permeabilities in anisotropic microscopic geometries containing dense, fibre-like obstacles, motivated by the need to model flow in coiled aneurysm…