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This paper examines various unsupervised pretraining objectives for learning dialog context representations. Two novel methods of pretraining dialog context encoders are proposed, and a total of four methods are examined. Each pretraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Shikib Mehri , Evgeniia Razumovskaia , Tiancheng Zhao , Maxine Eskenazi

Automatic translation systems offer a powerful solution to bridge language barriers in scenarios where participants do not share a common language. However, these systems can introduce errors leading to misunderstandings and conversation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 José Pombal , Sweta Agrawal , Patrick Fernandes , Emmanouil Zaranis , André F. T. Martins

Task oriented dialogue systems (TOD) complete particular tasks based on user preferences across natural language interactions. Considering the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Arezoo Saedi , Afsaneh Fatemi , Mohammad Ali Nematbakhsh , Sophie Rosset , Anne Vilnat

Previous work on spoken language understanding (SLU) mainly focuses on single-intent settings, where each input utterance merely contains one user intent. This configuration significantly limits the surface form of user utterances and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Hongshen Xu , Ruisheng Cao , Su Zhu , Sheng Jiang , Hanchong Zhang , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

Context: User intent modeling is a crucial process in Natural Language Processing that aims to identify the underlying purpose behind a user's request, enabling personalized responses. With a vast array of approaches introduced in the…

As a pre-trained Transformer model, BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) has achieved ground-breaking performance on multiple NLP tasks. On the other hand, Boosting is a popular ensemble learning technique which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Tongwen Huang , Qingyun She , Junlin Zhang

With the attention mechanism, transformers achieve significant empirical successes. Despite the intuitive understanding that transformers perform relational inference over long sequences to produce desirable representations, we lack a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yufeng Zhang , Boyi Liu , Qi Cai , Lingxiao Wang , Zhaoran Wang

End-to-end task-oriented dialog models have achieved promising performance on collaborative tasks where users willingly coordinate with the system to complete a given task. While in non-collaborative settings, for example, negotiation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Yu Li , Kun Qian , Weiyan Shi , Zhou Yu

Systems like Voice-command based conversational agents are characterized by a pre-defined set of skills or intents to perform user specified tasks. In the course of time, newer intents may emerge requiring retraining. However, the newer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Ankan Mullick , Sukannya Purkayastha , Pawan Goyal , Niloy Ganguly

The goal of session-based recommendation in E-commerce is to predict the next item that an anonymous user will purchase based on the browsing and purchase history. However, constructing global or local transition graphs to supplement…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Xin Liu , Zheng Li , Yifan Gao , Jingfeng Yang , Tianyu Cao , Zhengyang Wang , Bing Yin , Yangqiu Song

Decision Transformer (DT) has emerged as a promising class of algorithms in offline reinforcement learning (RL) tasks, leveraging pre-collected datasets and Transformer's capability to model long sequences. Recent works have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yu Yang , Pan Xu

Pre-training a transformer-based model for the language modeling task in a large dataset and then fine-tuning it for downstream tasks has been found very useful in recent years. One major advantage of such pre-trained language models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Enamul Hoque , Jimmy Xiangji Huang

Task-oriented dialogue is often decomposed into three tasks: understanding user input, deciding actions, and generating a response. While such decomposition might suggest a dedicated model for each sub-task, we find a simple, unified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Ehsan Hosseini-Asl , Bryan McCann , Chien-Sheng Wu , Semih Yavuz , Richard Socher

BERT is inefficient for sentence-pair tasks such as clustering or semantic search as it needs to evaluate combinatorially many sentence pairs which is very time-consuming. Sentence BERT (SBERT) attempted to solve this challenge by learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Yan Zhang , Ruidan He , Zuozhu Liu , Kwan Hui Lim , Lidong Bing

The underlying difference of linguistic patterns between general text and task-oriented dialogue makes existing pre-trained language models less useful in practice. In this work, we unify nine human-human and multi-turn task-oriented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Chien-Sheng Wu , Steven Hoi , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Natural language understanding has recently seen a surge of progress with the use of sentence encoders like ELMo (Peters et al., 2018a) and BERT (Devlin et al., 2019) which are pretrained on variants of language modeling. We conduct the…

While pretrained models such as BERT have shown large gains across natural language understanding tasks, their performance can be improved by further training the model on a data-rich intermediate task, before fine-tuning it on a target…

Some Transformer-based models can perform cross-lingual transfer learning: those models can be trained on a specific task in one language and give relatively good results on the same task in another language, despite having been pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Félix Gaschi , François Plesse , Parisa Rastin , Yannick Toussaint

Ranking ensemble is a critical component in real recommender systems. When a user visits a platform, the system will prepare several item lists, each of which is generally from a single behavior objective recommendation model. As multiple…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jiayu Li , Peijie Sun , Zhefan Wang , Weizhi Ma , Yangkun Li , Min Zhang , Zhoutian Feng , Daiyue Xue

Intent detection and slot filling are important tasks in spoken and natural language understanding. However, Vietnamese is a low-resource language in these research topics. In this paper, we present the first public intent detection and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Mai Hoang Dao , Thinh Hung Truong , Dat Quoc Nguyen