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Biometric authentication systems play a crucial role in modern security systems. However, maintaining the balance of privacy and integrity of stored biometrics derivative data while achieving high recognition accuracy is often challenging.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Dmytro Zakharov , Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Emanuele Frontoni

Modern face recognition systems utilize deep neural networks to extract salient features from a face. These features denote embeddings in latent space and are often stored as templates in a face recognition system. These embeddings are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Bharat Yalavarthi , Arjun Ramesh Kaushik , Arun Ross , Vishnu Boddeti , Nalini Ratha

Privacy protection has become a top priority as the proliferation of AI techniques has led to widespread collection and misuse of personal data. Anonymization and visual identity information hiding are two important facial privacy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Xiao He , Mingrui Zhu , Dongxin Chen , Nannan Wang , Xinbo Gao

Most existing Face Forgery Detection (FFD) models assume access to raw face images. In practice, under a client-server framework, private facial data may be intercepted during transmission or leaked by untrusted servers. Previous privacy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Guoqing Ma , Xun Lin , Hui Ma , Ajian Liu , Yizhong Liu , Wenzhong Tang , Shan Yu , Chenqi Kong , Yi Yu

Transferability of adversarial examples is of central importance for attacking an unknown model, which facilitates adversarial attacks in more practical scenarios, e.g., black-box attacks. Existing transferable attacks tend to craft…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Zhibo Wang , Hengchang Guo , Zhifei Zhang , Wenxin Liu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Deepfakes are computationally-created entities that falsely represent reality. They can take image, video, and audio modalities, and pose a threat to many areas of systems and societies, comprising a topic of interest to various aspects of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Sergi D. Bray , Shane D. Johnson , Bennett Kleinberg

Facial recognition systems rely on embeddings to represent facial images and determine identity by verifying if the distance between embeddings is below a pre-tuned threshold. While embeddings are not reversible to original images, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Sefik Serengil , Alper Ozpinar

Detecting facial forgery images and videos is an increasingly important topic in multimedia forensics. As forgery images and videos are usually compressed into different formats such as JPEG and H264 when circulating on the Internet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Shenhao Cao , Qin Zou , Xiuqing Mao , Zhongyuan Wang

Biometric technologies are widely adopted in security, legal, and financial systems. Face recognition can authenticate a person based on the unique facial features such as shape and texture. However, recent works have demonstrated the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Poulami Raha , Yeongnam Chae

While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved success in computer vision tasks, it is vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Such attacks could mislead the victim model to make attacker-chosen prediction with a specific trigger pattern.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Yanqi Qiao , Dazhuang Liu , Rui Wang , Kaitai Liang

In the current information age, asymmetrical cryptography is widely used to protect information and financial transactions such as cryptocurrencies. The loss of private keys can have catastrophic consequences; therefore, effective MFA…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Mahafujul Alam , Julie B. Heynssens , Bertrand Francis Cambou

Data poisoning has been proposed as a compelling defense against facial recognition models trained on Web-scraped pictures. Users can perturb images they post online, so that models will misclassify future (unperturbed) pictures. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Evani Radiya-Dixit , Sanghyun Hong , Nicholas Carlini , Florian Tramèr

Recent research has established the possibility of deducing soft-biometric attributes such as age, gender and race from an individual's face image with high accuracy. However, this raises privacy concerns, especially when face images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Vahid Mirjalili , Sebastian Raschka , Arun Ross

Cameras are prevalent in our daily lives, and enable many useful systems built upon computer vision technologies such as smart cameras and home robots for service applications. However, there is also an increasing societal concern as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Xiuye Gu , Weixin Luo , Michael S. Ryoo , Yong Jae Lee

As face recognition systems (FRS) become more widely used, user privacy becomes more important. A key privacy issue in FRS is protecting the user's face template, as the characteristics of the user's face image can be recovered from the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Sunpill Kim , Seunghun Paik , Chanwoo Hwang , Dongsoo Kim , Junbum Shin , Jae Hong Seo

In the literature on adversarial examples, white box and black box attacks have received the most attention. The adversary is assumed to have either full (white) or no (black) access to the defender's model. In this work, we focus on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Shi Hu , Eric Nalisnick , Max Welling

Adversarial images aim to change a target model's decision by minimally perturbing a target image. In the black-box setting, the absence of gradient information often renders this search problem costly in terms of query complexity. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Chuan Guo , Jared S. Frank , Kilian Q. Weinberger

Generally, privacy-enhancing face recognition systems are designed to offer permanent protection of face embeddings. Recently, so-called soft-biometric privacy-enhancement approaches have been introduced with the aim of canceling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Daile Osorio-Roig , Paul A. Gerlitz , Christian Rathgeb , Christoph Busch

Advances in deep learning algorithms have enabled better-than-human performance on face recognition tasks. In parallel, private companies have been scraping social media and other public websites that tie photos to identities and have built…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Ivan Evtimov , Pascal Sturmfels , Tadayoshi Kohno

Face recognition poses serious privacy risks due to its reliance on sensitive and immutable biometric data. While modern systems mitigate privacy risks by mapping facial images to embeddings (commonly regarded as privacy-preserving), model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hanrui Wang , Shuo Wang , Chun-Shien Lu , Isao Echizen
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