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A methodology to test the interlayer bonding strength of two-dimensional (2D) surfaces and associated one (1D)- and two (2D)- dimensional surface defects using scanning tunneling microscope tip-induced deformation, is demonstrated. Surface…

Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) has been used for the successful fabrication of nanosheets from a large number of van der Waals materials. While this allows to study fundamental changes of material properties' associated with reduced…

Antiferromagnets are promising materials for future opto-spintronic applications since they show spin dynamics in the THz range and no net magnetization. Recently, layered van der Waals (vdW) antiferromagnets have been reported, which…

The optical and electronic properties of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures depend strongly on the atomic stacking order of the constituent layers. This is exemplified by periodic variation of the local atomic registry, known as moire…

2D ferroelectrics with robust polarization down to atomic thicknesses provide novel building blocks for functional heterostructures. Experimental reports, however, remain scarce because of the requirement of a layered polar crystal. Here,…

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals ferroelectrics provide an unprecedented architectural freedom for the creation of artificial multiferroics and non-volatile electronic devices based on vertical and co-planar heterojunctions of 2D ferroic…

The rich electronic and band structures of monolayered crystals distinguished from their layered bulk counterparts offer versatile physical/chemical properties and applications.1-5 Their fabrications, particularly the top-down…

Like silicon-based semiconductor devices, van der Waals heterostructures will require integration with high-K oxides. This is needed to achieve suitable voltage scaling, improved performance as well as allowing for added functionalities.…

The capability to finely tailor material thickness with simultaneous atomic precision and non-invasivity would be useful for constructing quantum platforms and post-Moore microelectronics. However, it remains challenging to attain…

Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures enable tailored electronic and magnetic phases by stacking atomically thin layers with pristine interfaces. Here, we investigate fully 2D Cr2Ge2Te6/WTe2 heterostructures and identify a strong enhancement…

The ability to control the polarization of light at the extreme nanoscale has long been a major scientific and technological goal for photonics. Here we predict the phenomenon of polarization splitting through van der Waals heterostructures…

Molecular-scale manipulation of electronic/ionic charge accumulation in materials is a preeminent challenge, particularly in electrochemical energy storage. Layered van der Waals (vdW) crystals exemplify a diverse family of materials that…

2D materials are emerging as promising nanomaterials for applications in energy storage and catalysis. In the wet chemical synthesis of MXenes, these 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides are terminated with a variety of functional…

van der Waals stacking of two-dimensional (2D) materials offers a powerful platform for engineering material interfaces with tailored electronic and optical properties. While most van der Waals multilayers have featured inorganic…

The development of scalable techniques to make 2D material heterostructures is a major obstacle that needs to be overcome before these materials can be implemented in device technologies industrially. Electrodeposition is an industrially…

Dynamic control of compact chip-scale contactless manipulation of particles for bioscience applications remains a challenging endeavor, which is restrained by the balance between trapping efficiency and scalable apparatus. Metasurfaces…

The ability to create superlattices in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures via moir\'e interference heralded a new era in the science and technology of two-dimensional materials. Through precise control of the twist angle, flat bands and…

The exfoliation energy - quantifying the energy required to extract a two-dimensional (2D) sheet from the surface of a bulk material - is a key parameter determining the synthesizability of 2D compounds. Here, using ab initio calculations,…

Strain engineering has quickly emerged as a viable option to modify the electronic, optical and magnetic properties of 2D materials. However, it remains challenging to arbitrarily control the strain. Here we show that by creating…

Graphite surfaces can be manipulated by several methods to create graphene structures of different shapes and sizes. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) can be used to create these structures either through mechanical contact between the…