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Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) aims to identify novel categories in unlabeled data while leveraging a small labeled subset of known classes. Training a parametric classifier solely on image features often leads to overfitting to old…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Lorenzo Caselli , Marco Mistretta , Simone Magistri , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Generalized Class Discovery (GCD) aims to dynamically assign labels to unlabelled data partially based on knowledge learned from labelled data, where the unlabelled data may come from known or novel classes. The prevailing approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Ye Wang , Yaxiong Wang , Yujiao Wu , Bingchen Zhao , Xueming Qian

We tackle the problem of discovering novel classes in an image collection given labelled examples of other classes. This setting is similar to semi-supervised learning, but significantly harder because there are no labelled examples for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Kai Han , Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi , Sebastien Ehrhardt , Andrea Vedaldi , Andrew Zisserman

In object re-identification (ReID), the development of deep learning techniques often involves model updates and deployment. It is unbearable to re-embedding and re-index with the system suspended when deploying new models. Therefore,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Shengsen Wu , Liang Chen , Yihang Lou , Yan Bai , Tao Bai , Minghua Deng , Lingyu Duan

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) is a pragmatic and challenging open-world task, which endeavors to cluster unlabeled samples from both novel and old classes, leveraging some labeled data of old classes. Given that knowledge learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Shijie Ma , Fei Zhu , Zhun Zhong , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Generalized category discovery (GCD) is a recently proposed open-world task. Given a set of images consisting of labeled and unlabeled instances, the goal of GCD is to automatically cluster the unlabeled samples using information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Xiangli Yang , Xinglin Pan , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

Generalized category discovery (GCD) is a pragmatic but underexplored problem, which requires models to automatically cluster and discover novel categories by leveraging the labeled samples from old classes. The challenge is that unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shijie Ma , Fei Zhu , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Object detectors are typically trained once and for all on a fixed set of classes. However, this closed-world assumption is unrealistic in practice, as new classes will inevitably emerge after the detector is deployed in the wild. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Tyler L. Hayes , César R. de Souza , Namil Kim , Jiwon Kim , Riccardo Volpi , Diane Larlus

Deep neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art performance in a wide range of recognition/classification tasks. However, when applying deep learning to real-world applications, there are still multiple challenges. A typical challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Xin Sun , Zhenning Yang , Chi Zhang , Guohao Peng , Keck-Voon Ling

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) utilizes labeled samples of known classes to discover novel classes in unlabeled samples. Existing methods show effective performance on artificial datasets with balanced distributions. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Cuong Manh Hoang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is one of the dominant approaches to address the annotation bottleneck of supervised learning. Recent SSL methods can effectively leverage a large repository of unlabeled data to improve performance while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Navid Kardan , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Mubarak Shah

Discovering novel concepts in unlabelled datasets and in a continuous manner is an important desideratum of lifelong learners. In the literature such problems have been partially addressed under very restricted settings, where novel classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Mingxuan Liu , Subhankar Roy , Zhun Zhong , Nicu Sebe , Elisa Ricci

This paper introduces a novel approach to Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) by leveraging the concept of contextuality to enhance the identification and classification of categories in unlabeled datasets. Drawing inspiration from human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Tingzhang Luo , Mingxuan Du , Jiatao Shi , Xinxiang Chen , Bingchen Zhao , Shaoguang Huang

Novel class discovery is essential for ML models to adapt to evolving real-world data, with applications ranging from scientific discovery to robotics. However, these datasets contain complex and entangled factors of variation, making a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Akanksha Sarkar , Been Kim , Jennifer J. Sun

Most Neural Networks (NNs) for classification are trained using Cross-Entropy as a loss function. This approach requires the model to have an explicit classification layer. However, there exist alternative approaches, such as Contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Leonardo Arrighi , Julia Eva Belloni , Aurélie Gallet , Ivan Gentile , Matteo Lippi , Marco Zullich

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) aims to identify a mix of known and novel categories within unlabeled data sets, providing a more realistic setting for image recognition. Essentially, GCD needs to remember existing patterns thoroughly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Xinzi Cao , Xiawu Zheng , Guanhong Wang , Weijiang Yu , Yunhang Shen , Ke Li , Yutong Lu , Yonghong Tian

This paper addresses generalized category discovery (GCD), the task of clustering unlabeled data from potentially known or unknown categories with the help of labeled instances from each known category. Compared to traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Menglin Wang , Zhun Zhong , Xiaojin Gong

Existed pre-trained models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various text classification tasks. These models have proven to be useful in learning universal language representations. However, the semantic discrepancy between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Jinhe Lan , Qingyuan Zhan , Chenhao Jiang , Kunping Yuan , Desheng Wang

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) aims to discover novel categories in unlabelled datasets using knowledge learned from labelled samples. Previous studies argued that parametric classifiers are prone to overfitting to seen categories,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xin Wen , Bingchen Zhao , Xiaojuan Qi

Visual recognition tasks are often limited to dealing with a small subset of classes simply because the labels for the remaining classes are unavailable. We are interested in identifying novel concepts in a dataset through representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Geeho Kim , Junoh Kang , Bohyung Han