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Learning from human feedback is a prominent technique to align the output of large language models (LLMs) with human expectations. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) leverages human preference signals that are in the form of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Di Jin , Shikib Mehri , Devamanyu Hazarika , Aishwarya Padmakumar , Sungjin Lee , Yang Liu , Mahdi Namazifar

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, yet their evaluation, particularly in languages beyond the top $20$, remains inadequate due to existing benchmarks and metrics limitations. Employing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Rishav Hada , Varun Gumma , Adrian de Wynter , Harshita Diddee , Mohamed Ahmed , Monojit Choudhury , Kalika Bali , Sunayana Sitaram

This study investigates the efficacy of large language models (LLMs) as tools for grading master-level student essays. Utilizing a sample of 60 essays in political science, the study compares the accuracy of grades suggested by the GPT-4…

General Economics · Economics 2024-06-25 Magnus Lundgren

Making language models bigger does not inherently make them better at following a user's intent. For example, large language models can generate outputs that are untruthful, toxic, or simply not helpful to the user. In other words, these…

Empathetic dialogue is an indispensable part of building harmonious social relationships and contributes to the development of a helpful AI. Previous approaches are mainly based on fine small-scale language models. With the advent of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yushan Qian , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

Reward models (RMs) play a critical role in aligning language models through the process of reinforcement learning from human feedback. RMs are trained to predict a score reflecting human preference, which requires significant time and cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Zihuiwen Ye , Fraser Greenlee-Scott , Max Bartolo , Phil Blunsom , Jon Ander Campos , Matthias Gallé

Like humans, large language models (LLMs) do not always generate the best output on their first try. Motivated by how humans refine their written text, we introduce Self-Refine, an approach for improving initial outputs from LLMs through…

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in tasks involving natural language generation, reasoning, and comprehension. This study aims to construct prompts and comments grounded in the diverse scoring criteria…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Wei Xia , Shaoguang Mao , Chanjing Zheng

In this pilot study, we investigate the use of GPT4 to assist in the peer-review process. Our key hypothesis was that GPT-generated reviews could achieve comparable helpfulness to human reviewers. By comparing reviews generated by both…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Zachary Robertson

This study investigates the application of large language models, specifically GPT-4, to enhance programming education. The research outlines the design of a web application that uses GPT-4 to provide feedback on programming tasks, without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Sven Jacobs , Steffen Jaschke

Large pre-trained language models have exhibited unprecedented capabilities in producing high-quality text via prompting techniques. This fact introduces new possibilities for data collection and annotation, particularly in situations where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Tiziano Labruna , Sofia Brenna , Andrea Zaninello , Bernardo Magnini

Online news platforms commonly employ personalized news recommendation methods to assist users in discovering interesting articles, and many previous works have utilized language model techniques to capture user interests and understand…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Xinyi Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Edward C. Malthouse

Large language models have shown good performances in generating code to meet human requirements. However, human requirements expressed in natural languages can be vague, incomplete, and ambiguous, leading large language models to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Zejun Wang , Jia Li , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

This study evaluates the effectiveness of ChatGPT, an advanced AI model for natural language processing, in identifying targeting and inappropriate language in online comments. With the increasing challenge of moderating vast volumes of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Barbarestani Baran , Maks Isa , Vossen Piek

Recent work has demonstrated substantial gains on many NLP tasks and benchmarks by pre-training on a large corpus of text followed by fine-tuning on a specific task. While typically task-agnostic in architecture, this method still requires…

High-quality conversational datasets are essential for developing AI models that can communicate with users. One way to foster deeper interactions between a chatbot and its user is through personas, aspects of the user's character that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Pegah Jandaghi , XiangHai Sheng , Xinyi Bai , Jay Pujara , Hakim Sidahmed

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities across numerous applications. However, the performance of these models in languages with fewer resources, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Birger Moell

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is commonly used to train language models to imitate annotated responses for given instructions. In this paper, we propose Critique Fine-Tuning (CFT), a method more effective than SFT for reasoning tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yubo Wang , Xiang Yue , Wenhu Chen

Language is essentially a complex, intricate system of human expressions governed by grammatical rules. It poses a significant challenge to develop capable AI algorithms for comprehending and grasping a language. As a major approach,…

ChatGPT, a large-scale language model based on the advanced GPT-3.5 architecture, has shown remarkable potential in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, there is currently a dearth of comprehensive study exploring its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Tao Fang , Shu Yang , Kaixin Lan , Derek F. Wong , Jinpeng Hu , Lidia S. Chao , Yue Zhang