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The Mpemba effect is a counter-intuitive relaxation phenomenon, where a system prepared at a hot temperature cools down faster than an identical system initiated at a cold temperature when both are quenched to an even colder bath. Such…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-03 Israel Klich , Oren Raz , Ori Hirschberg , Marija Vucelja

Most of our intuition about the behavior of physical systems is shaped by observations at or near thermal equilibrium. However, even a thermal quench can lead to states far from thermal equilibrium, where counterintuitive, anomalous effects…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-11 Gianluca Teza , John Bechhoefer , Antonio Lasanta , Oren Raz , Marija Vucelja

Under certain conditions, it takes a shorter time to cool a hot system than to cool the same system initiated at a lower temperature. This phenomenon - the "Mpemba Effect" - is well known in water, and has recently been observed in other…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-09-28 Zhiyue Lu , Oren Raz

The Mpemba effect denotes an anomalous relaxation phenomenon where a system initially at a hot temperature cools faster than a system that starts at a less elevated temperature. We introduce an isothermal analog of this effect for a system…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-02 Julius Degünther , Udo Seifert

The Mpemba effect is a counterintuitive physical phenomenon where a hot system cools faster than a warm one. In recent years, theoretical analyses of the Mpemba effect have been developed for microscopic systems and experimentally verified.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-12 Tan Van Vu , Hisao Hayakawa

The Mpemba effect refers to systems whose thermal relaxation time is a non-monotonic function of the initial temperature. Thus, a system that is initially hot cools to a bath temperature more quickly than the same system, initially warm. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-31 Raphaël Chétrite , Avinash Kumar , John Bechhoefer

The traditional Mpemba effect refers to an anomalous cooling phenomenon when an initial hotter system cools down faster than an initial warm system. Such counterintuitive behavior has been confirmed and explored across phase transitions in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-05 Alexander P. Antonov , Hartmut Löwen

Loosely speaking, the Mpemba effect appears when hotter systems cool sooner or, in a more abstract way, when systems further from equilibrium relax faster. In this paper, we investigate the Mpemba effect in a molecular gas with nonlinear…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-31 Alberto Megías , Andrés Santos , Antonio Prados

We study the Mpemba effect on a non-equilibrium Markov chain that mimics the run and tumble motion of an active particle in a discrete energy landscape. The broken detailed balance, rendered by the activity, gives rise to a unique anomalous…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-28 Apurba Biswas , Arnab Pal

The Mpemba effect is a thermodynamic anomaly in which a system farther away in temperature from equilibrium thermalizes before one that is initially closer. The effect has been experimentally observed across a wide range of systems,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-06 Ido Avitan , Roee Factor , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky

The Mpemba effect, where a hotter system can equilibrate faster than a cooler one, has long been a subject of fascination in classical physics. In the past few years, significant theoretical and experimental progress has been made in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-10 Filiberto Ares , Pasquale Calabrese , Sara Murciano

Through an exact analysis, we show the existence of Mpemba effect in an anisotropically driven inelastic Maxwell gas, a simplified model for granular gases, in two dimensions. Mpemba effect refers to the couterintuitive phenomenon of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-23 Apurba Biswas , V. V. Prasad , R. Rajesh

The Mpemba effect (a counterintuitive thermal relaxation process where an initially hotter system may cool down to the steady state sooner than an initially colder system) is studied in terms of a model of inertial suspensions under shear.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-10 Satoshi Takada , Hisao Hayakawa , Andrés Santos

Mpemba effect refers to the counterintuitive result that, when quenched to a low temperature, a system at higher temperature may equilibrate faster than one at intermediate temperatures. This effect has recently been demonstrated in driven…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-27 Apurba Biswas , V . V. Prasad , O. Raz , R. Rajesh

The Mpemba effect has initially been noticed in macroscopic systems -- namely that hot water can freeze faster than cold water -- but recently its extension to open quantum systems has attracted significant attention. This phenomenon can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Juliane Graf , Janine Splettstoesser , Juliette Monsel

The behavior of systems far from equilibrium is often complex and unpredictable, challenging and sometimes overturning the physical intuition derived from equilibrium scenarios. One striking example of this is the Mpemba effect, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Stefano Longhi

An ancient and counterintuitive phenomenon know as the Mpemba effect (water can cool faster when initially heated up) showcases the critical role of initial conditions in relaxation processes. How to realize and utilize this effect for…

The Mpemba effect -- where hot systems cool faster than colder ones -- has intrigued both classical and quantum thermodynamics. As compared to classical systems, quantum systems add complexity due to quantum correlations. Recent works have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Stefano Longhi

We find analytically the complete set of eigenvalues and eigenvectors associated with Metropolis dynamics on a complete graph. As an application, we use this information to study a counter-intuitive relaxation phenomenon, called the Mpemba…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-02-07 Israel Klich , Marija Vucelja

The Mpemba effect is a phenomenon in which an initially hotter sample cools sooner. In this paper, we show the emergence of a non-monotonic Mpemba-like effect in a molecular binary mixture immersed in a viscous gas. Namely, a crossover in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-10 Rubén Gómez González , Vicente Garzó
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