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A fundamental problem in graph Ramsey theory is to determine, for sparse graphs $G$ on $n$ vertices, the minimal $n$ such that $G$ is Ramsey-good for odd cycles $C_k$ and paths $P_k$. Burr, Erd\H{o}s, Faudree, Rousseau, and Schelp (Trans.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Chunchao Fan , Qizhong Lin

We study the multicolor Ramsey numbers for paths and even cycles, $R_k(P_n)$ and $R_k(C_n)$, which are the smallest integers $N$ such that every coloring of the complete graph $K_N$ has a monochromatic copy of $P_n$ or $C_n$ respectively.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-15 Charlotte Knierim , Pascal Su

For a $k$-uniform hypergraph $G$ with vertex set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$, the ordered Ramsey number $\operatorname{OR}_t(G)$ is the least integer $N$ such that every $t$-coloring of the edges of the complete $k$-uniform graph on vertex set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-05 Christopher Cox , Derrick Stolee

We introduce and study a variant of Ramsey numbers for edge-ordered graphs, that is, graphs with linearly ordered sets of edges. The edge-ordered Ramsey number $\overline{R}_e(\mathfrak{G})$ of an edge-ordered graph $\mathfrak{G}$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-16 Martin Balko , Máté Vizer

An ordered graph is a simple graph with an ordering on its vertices. Define the ordered path $P_n$ to be the monotone increasing path with $n$ edges. The ordered size Ramsey number $\tilde{r}(P_r,P_s)$ is the minimum number $m$ for which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-21 József Balogh , Felix Christian Clemen , Emily Heath , Mikhail Lavrov

The universal homogeneous triangle-free graph, constructed by Henson and denoted $\mathcal{H}_3$, is the triangle-free analogue of the Rado graph. While the Ramsey theory of the Rado graph has been completely established, beginning with…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Natasha Dobrinen

The anti-Ramsey problem was introduced by Erd\H{o}s, Simonovits and S\'{o}s in 1970s. The anti-Ramsey number of a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$, $ar(n,s, \mathcal{H})$, is the smallest integer $c$ such that in any coloring of the edges of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-13 Ran Gu , Jiaao Li , Yongtang Shi

We consider $m$-colorings of the edges of a complete graph, where each color class is defined semi-algebraically with bounded complexity. The case $m = 2$ was first studied by Alon et al., who applied this framework to obtain surprisingly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-07 Jacob Fox , Janos Pach , Andrew Suk

The anti-Ramsey numbers are a fundamental notion in graph theory, introduced in 1978, by Erd\" os, Simonovits and S\' os. For given graphs $G$ and $H$ the \emph{anti-Ramsey number} $\textrm{ar}(G,H)$ is defined to be the maximum number $k$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Saeed Akhoondian Amiri , Alexandru Popa , Mohammad Roghani , Golnoosh Shahkarami , Reza Soltani , Hossein Vahidi

For a fixed infinite graph $H$, we study the largest density of a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to $H$ that can be found in every two-coloring of the edges of $K_{\mathbb{N}}$. This is called the Ramsey upper density of $H$, and was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-16 Ander Lamaison

The Ramsey number $r(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the minimum $n$ such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The threshold Ramsey multiplicity $m(H)$ is then the minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-21 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov , Fan Wei

We prove that for all graphs with at most $(3.75-o(1))n$ edges there exists a 2-coloring of the edges such that every monochromatic path has order less than $n$. This was previously known to be true for graphs with at most $2.5n-7.5$ edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-05 Deepak Bal , Louis DeBiasio

We study two classical problems in graph Ramsey theory, that of determining the Ramsey number of bounded-degree graphs and that of estimating the induced Ramsey number for a graph with a given number of vertices. The Ramsey number r(H) of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-02 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

At the beginning of 1950's Erd\H os and Rado suggested the investigation of the Ramsey-type results where the number of colors is not finite. This marked the birth of the so-called canonizing Ramsey theory. In 1985 Pr\"omel and Voigt made…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-08 Dragan Masulovic

In this note we study graphs $G_r$ with the property that every colouring of $E(G_r)$ with $r+1$ colours admits a copy of some graph $H$ using at most $r$ colours. For $1\le r\le e(H)$ such graphs occur naturally at intermediate steps in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-20 Alexander Haupt , Damian Reding

Ramsey's theorem, in the version of Erd\H{o}s and Szekeres, states that every 2-coloring of the edges of the complete graph on {1, 2,...,n} contains a monochromatic clique of order 1/2\log n. In this paper, we consider two well-studied…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-19 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

The $k$-colour bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph $H$ is the least integer $n$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Matija Bucić , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

The Ramsey number $r(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the minimum integer $n$ such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. While this definition only asks for a single monochromatic copy of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-09 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov , Fan Wei

An ordered graph $\mathcal{G}$ is a simple graph together with a total ordering on its vertices. The (2-color) Ramsey number of $\mathcal{G}$ is the smallest integer $N$ such that every 2-coloring of the edges of the complete ordered graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Jesse Geneson , Amber Holmes , Xujun Liu , Dana Neidinger , Yanitsa Pehova , Isaac Wass

One of the toughest problems in Ramsey theory is to determine the existence of monochromatic arithmetic progressions in groups whose elements have been colored. We study the harder problem to not only determine the existence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Erik Sjöland