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Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients, such as mobile phones and IoT devices, to collaboratively train a global machine learning model while keeping their data localized. However, recent studies have revealed that the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Francesco Diana , Othmane Marfoq , Chuan Xu , Giovanni Neglia , Frédéric Giroire , Eoin Thomas

Machine learning with deep neural networks (DNNs) has become one of the foundation techniques in many safety-critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles and medical diagnosis systems. DNN-based systems, however, are known to be vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Yijun Yang , Ruiyuan Gao , Yu Li , Qiuxia Lai , Qiang Xu

In this paper, a novel covert semantic communication framework is investigated. Within this framework, a server extracts and transmits the semantic information, i.e., the meaning of image data, to a user over several time slots. An attacker…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Wenjing Zhang , Ye Hu , Tao Luo , Zhilong Zhang , Mingzhe Chen

Large language model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) enable agents to communicate and share information, achieving strong performance on complex tasks. However, this communication also creates an attack surface where malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lingxi Zhang , Guangtao Zheng , Hanjie Chen

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) determine whether a specific data point was included in the training set of a target model. In this paper, we introduce the Semantic Membership Inference Attack (SMIA), a novel approach that enhances MIA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Hamid Mozaffari , Virendra J. Marathe

The pervasive deployment of deep learning models across critical domains has concurrently intensified privacy concerns due to their inherent propensity for data memorization. While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) serve as the gold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chihan Huang , Huaijin Wang , Shuai Wang

This paper presents a novel approach to achieving secure wireless communication by leveraging the inherent characteristics of wireless channels through end-to-end learning using a single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) autoencoder (AE). To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-13 Abdullahi Mohammad , Mahmoud Tukur Kabir , Mikko Valkama , Bo Tan

We describe a threat model under which a split network-based federated learning system is susceptible to a model inversion attack by a malicious computational server. We demonstrate that the attack can be successfully performed with limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Tom Titcombe , Adam J. Hall , Pavlos Papadopoulos , Daniele Romanini

Unlike conventional anti-eavesdropping methods that always require additional energy or computing resources (e.g., in friendly jamming and cryptography-based solutions), this work proposes a novel anti-eavesdropping solution that comes with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Nguyen Van Huynh , Nguyen Quang Hieu , Nam H. Chu , Diep N. Nguyen , Dinh Thai Hoang , Eryk Dutkiewicz

Semantic communication is a new paradigm that exploits deep learning models to enable end-to-end communications processes, and recent studies have shown that it can achieve better noise resiliency compared with traditional communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Wenyu Zhang , Kaiyuan Bai , Sherali Zeadally , Haijun Zhang , Hua Shao , Hui Ma , Victor C. M. Leung

Previous studies have developed fairness methods for biased models that exhibit discriminatory behaviors towards specific subgroups. While these models have shown promise in achieving fair predictions, recent research has identified their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Huan Tian , Guangsheng Zhang , Bo Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Ming Ding , Wanlei Zhou

Although the semantic communications have exhibited satisfactory performance in a large number of tasks, the impact of semantic noise and the robustness of the systems have not been well investigated. Semantic noise is a particular kind of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-24 Qiyu Hu , Guangyi Zhang , Zhijin Qin , Yunlong Cai , Guanding Yu , Geoffrey Ye Li

The flexibility and complexity of IPv6 extension headers allow attackers to create covert channels or bypass security mechanisms, leading to potential data breaches or system compromises. The mature development of machine learning has…

Semantic communications have been envisioned as a potential technique that goes beyond Shannon paradigm. Unlike modern communications that provide bit-level security, the eaves-dropping of semantic communications poses a significant risk of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Yongkang Li , Zheng Shi , Han Hu , Yaru Fu , Hong Wang , Hongjiang Lei

Speech contains rich information on the emotions of humans, and Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) has been an important topic in the area of human-computer interaction. The robustness of SER models is crucial, particularly in…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Yi Chang , Zhao Ren , Zixing Zhang , Xin Jing , Kun Qian , Xi Shao , Bin Hu , Tanja Schultz , Björn W. Schuller

Language Models as a Service (LMaaS) offers convenient access for developers and researchers to perform inference using pre-trained language models. Nonetheless, the input data and the inference results containing private information are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Yixiang Yao , Fei Wang , Srivatsan Ravi , Muhao Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied for their remarkable capability of content generation. However, the practical use of open-source LLMs is hindered by high resource requirements, making deployment expensive and limiting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Wenjie Qu , Yuguang Zhou , Yongji Wu , Tingsong Xiao , Binhang Yuan , Yiming Li , Jiaheng Zhang

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) against machine learning (ML) models aim to determine whether a given data point was part of the model training data. These attacks may pose significant privacy risks to individuals whose sensitive data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Mona Khalil , Alberto Blanco-Justicia , Najeeb Jebreel , Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) test whether a target data record belongs to a system's private data, and have become a standard tool to measure privacy leakage in machine learning systems. Prior work has primarily focused on training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kai Chen , Yan Pang , Tianhao Wang

Machine learning has been widely applied in wireless communications. However, the security aspects of machine learning in wireless applications have not been well understood yet. We consider the case that a cognitive transmitter senses the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Yi Shi , Tugba Erpek , Yalin E. Sagduyu , Jason H. Li