Related papers: Polarization Effects in Higher-order Guiding-cente…
A consistent guiding-center Hamiltonian theory is derived by Lie-transform perturbation method, with terms up to second order in magnetic-field nonuniformity. Consistency is demonstrated by showing that the guiding-center transformation…
Higher-order guiding-center polarization and magnetization effects are introduced in gyrokinetic theory by keeping first-order terms in background magnetic-field nonuniformity. These results confirm the consistency of the two-step…
Two complementary representations of higher-order guiding-center theory are presented, which are distinguished by whether higher-order corrections due to magnetic-field nonuniformity appear in the guiding-center Poisson bracket or the…
Expressions of polarization and magnetization in magnetically confined plasmas are derived, which include full expansions in the gyroradius to treat effects of both equilibrium and microscopic electromagnetic turbulence. Using the obtained…
The concept of polarization in gyrokinetic theory is clarified and generalized to include contributions from the guiding-center (zeroth-order) polarization as well as the nonlinear (second-order) gyrocenter polarization. The guiding-center…
Extended guiding-center Vlasov-Maxwell equations are derived under the assumption of time-dependent and inhomogeneous electric and magnetic fields that obey the standard guiding-center space-time-scale orderings. The guiding-center…
It is pointed out that the conventional Lie transform perturbation theory for the guiding center motion of charged particles in a magnetic field needs to be modified for ordering inconsistency. There are two reasons. First, the ordering…
Equivalent guiding-center Hamiltonian theories are constructed based on higher-order Lie-transform perturbation methods. Higher-order guiding-center theories are distinguished on the basis of whether correction terms associated with…
We discuss an elementary derivation of variational symmetries and corresponding integrals of motion for the Lagrangian systems depending on acceleration. Providing several examples, we make the manuscript accessible to a wide range of…
A general Hamiltonian theory for the adiabatic motion of relativistic charged particles confined by slowly-varying background electromagnetic fields is presented based on a unified Lie-transform perturbation analysis in extended phase space…
In high energy heavy ion collisions as well as in astrophysical objects like magnetars extreme magnetic field strengths are reached. Thus, there exists a need to calculate divers QED processes to all orders in the magnetic field. We…
We obtain a covariant decomposition of the motion of a relativistic charged particle into parallel motion and perpendicular gyration, and transform to guiding-center coordinates using Lie transforms. The natural guiding-center Poisson…
Motivated by the problem of longitudinal data assimilation, e.g., in the registration of a sequence of images, we develop the higher-order framework for Lagrangian and Hamiltonian reduction by symmetry in geometric mechanics. In particular,…
We consider an extended theory of gravity with Lagrangian $\mathcal{L} = f(R,{\bf T}^{(n)})$, with ${\bf T}^{(n)}$ being a $2n$-th order invariant made of contractions of the energy-momentum tensor. When $n=1$ this theory reduces to…
In the Lagrangian theory of guiding center motion, an effective magnetic field $\mathbf{B}^* = \mathbf{B}+(m/e)v_\parallel\nabla \times {\mathbf{b}}$ appears prominently in the equations of motion. Because the parallel component of this…
Even when neglecting diffraction effects, the well-known equations of geometrical optics (GO) are not entirely accurate. Traditional GO treats wave rays as classical particles, which are completely described by their coordinates and…
We propose a novel derivation of the gyrokinetic field-particle Lagrangian for non-collisional ion-electron plasmas in a magnetic background with strong variations (maximal ordering). Our approach follows the two-step reduction process,…
New, gauge-independent, second-order Lagrangian for the motion of classical, charged test particles is proposed. It differs from the standard, gauge-dependent, first order Lagrangian by boundary terms only. A new method of deriving…
The polarization and magnetization effects associated with the dynamical reduction leading to the nonlinear gyrokinetic Vlasov-Maxwell equations are shown to introduce nonlinear finite-Larmor-radius effects into a set of nonlinear…
The guiding center and gyrokinetic theory of magnetized particle motion is extended to the regime of large electric field gradients perpendicular to the magnetic field. A gradient in the electric field directly modifies the oscillation…