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Automata learning techniques automatically generate system models from test observations. These techniques usually fall into two categories: passive and active. Passive learning uses a predetermined data set, e.g., system logs. In contrast,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Martin Tappler , Bernhard K. Aichernig , Giovanni Bacci , Maria Eichlseder , Kim G. Larsen

We define a class of languages of infinite words over infinite alphabets, and the corresponding automata. The automata used for recognition are a generalisation of deterministic Muller automata to the setting of nominal sets. Remarkably,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-16 Vincenzo Ciancia , Matteo Sammartino

Grammatical inference consists in learning a language or a grammar from data. In this paper, we consider a number of models for inferring a non-deterministic finite automaton (NFA) with 3 sorts of states, that must accept some words, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Tomasz Jastrząb , Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy

Reversible forms of computations are often interesting from an energy efficiency point of view. When the computation device in question is an automaton, it is known that the minimal reversible automaton recognizing a given language is not…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Kitti Gelle , Szabolcs Iván

Minimizing the size of finite automata is a fundamental problem in theoretical computer science. Beyond standard minimization, further reductions can be achieved by decomposing an automaton into smaller components whose languages combine…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Mathias Berry , Pierre-Cyrille Héam , Ismaël Jecker

We study the learnability of symbolic finite state automata (SFA), a model shown useful in many applications in software verification. The state-of-the-art literature on this topic follows the query learning paradigm, and so far all…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Dana Fisman , Hadar Frenkel , Sandra Zilles

Hyperproperties elevate the traditional view of trace properties form sets of traces to sets of sets of traces and provide a formalism for expressing information-flow policies. For trace properties, algorithms for verification, monitoring,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Bernd Finkbeiner , Lennart Haas , Hazem Torfah

Automata over infinite alphabets have emerged as a convenient computational model for processing structures involving data, such as nonces in cryptographic protocols or data values in XML documents. We introduce active learning methods for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Florian Frank , Stefan Milius , Jurriaan Rot , Henning Urbat

This work considers weak deterministic B\"uchi automata reading encodings of non-negative reals in a fixed base. A Real Number Automaton is an automaton which recognizes all encoding of elements of a set of reals. It is explained how to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-14 Arthur Milchior

The article continues the study of the genus of regular languages that the authors introduced in a 2012 paper. Generalizing a previous result, we produce a new family of regular languages on a two-letter alphabet having arbitrary high…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Guillaume Bonfante , Florian Deloup

Consider $ A^* $, the free monoid generated by the finite alphabet $A$ with the concatenation operation. Two words have the same commutative image when one is a permutation of the symbols of the other. The commutative closure of a set $ L…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Verónica Becher , Simon Lew Deveali , Ignacio Mollo Cunningham

Since the seminal work by Angluin and the introduction of the L*-algorithm, active learning of automata by membership and equivalence queries has been extensively studied to learn various extensions of automata. For weighted automata,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Laure Daviaud , Marianne Johnson

We study a model of one-way quantum automaton where only measurement operations are allowed ($\mon$). We give an algebraic characterization of $\lmo(\Sigma)$, showing that the syntactic monoids of the languages in $\lmo(\Sigma)$ are exactly…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-09-30 Carlo Comin

Utilising dynamic electromagnetic field control over charged particles serves as the basis for a quantum machine learning platform that operates on observables rather than directly on states. Such a platform can be physically realised in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Jesús Fuentes

A major target of linguistics and cognitive science has been to understand what class of learning systems can acquire the key structures of natural language. Until recently, the computational requirements of language have been used to argue…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Yuan Yang

Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition (CAD) is a key tool in computational algebraic geometry, best known as a procedure to enable Quantifier Elimination over real-closed fields. However, it has a worst case complexity doubly exponential in…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Zongyan Huang , Matthew England , David Wilson , James H. Davenport , Lawrence C. Paulson

We propose $\Lambda^*_M$-an active learning algorithm that learns symbolic Mealy automata, which support infinite input alphabets and multiple output characters. Each of these two features has been addressed separately in prior work.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Kengo Irie , Masaki Waga , Kohei Suenaga

Let A be a finite alphabet and let L contained in (A*)^n be an n-variable language over A. We say that L is regular if it is the language accepted by a synchronous n-tape finite state automaton, it is quasi-regular if it is accepted by an…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-10-18 Maria Monks

Deciding formulas mixing arithmetic and uninterpreted predicates is of practical interest, notably for applications in verification. Some decision procedures consist in building by structural induction an automaton that recognizes the set…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Bernard Boigelot , Pascal Fontaine , Baptiste Vergain

In this paper we regard languages and their acceptors -- such as deterministic or weighted automata, transducers, or monoids -- as functors from input categories that specify the type of the languages and of the machines to categories that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Thomas Colcombet , Daniela Petrişan