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Three different representation of the proper Euclidean geometry are considered. They differ in the number of basic elements, from which the geometrical objects are constructed. In E-representation there are three basic elements (point,…
Axial lines are defined as the longest visibility lines for representing individual linear spaces in urban environments. The least number of axial lines that cover the free space of an urban environment or the space between buildings…
This study investigates city dynamics employing a nonextensive diffusion equation suited for addressing diffusion within a fractal medium, where the nonadditive parameter, $q$, plays a relevant role. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of…
Seen from a satellite, observing land use in the daytime or at night, most cities have circular shapes, organised around a city centre. A radial analysis of artificial land use growth is conducted in order to understand what the recent…
Cities are often compared through scaling laws, usually expressed as power-law relations between population size and aggregate urban quantities related to infrastructure, socioeconomic activity, or environmental impacts. These laws are…
Over the last decades, in disciplines as diverse as economics, geography, and complex systems, a perspective has arisen proposing that many properties of cities are quantitatively predictable due to agglomeration or scaling effects. Using…
Are there multiple equilibria in the spatial economy? This paper develops a unified framework that integrates systems of cities and regional models to address this question within a general geographic space. A key feature is the endogenous…
Hausdorff dimension of level sets of generic continuous functions defined on fractals can give information about the "thickness/narrow cross-sections" "network" corresponding to a fractal set, $F$. This lead to the definition of the…
This article analyzes the complex geometry of urban transportation networks as a gateway to understanding their encompassing urban systems. Using a proposed ring-buffer approach and applying it to 50 urban areas in the United States, we…
When joined the unified gauge picture of fundamental interactions, the gravitation theory leads to geometry of a space-time which is far from simplicity of pseudo-Riemannian geometry of Einstein's General Relativity. This is geometry of the…
We consider the effects of spatial correlations in a two-dimensional site percolation model. By generalizing the Newman-Ziff Monte Carlo algorithm to include spatial correlations, percolation thresholds and fractal dimensions of percolation…
Understanding urban form is crucial for sustainable urban planning and enhancing quality of life. This study presents a data-driven framework to systematically identify and compare urban typologies across geographically and culturally…
In fractal geometry, the main objects of study have been geometric objects with a global dimension that need not be integer valued. More recently, locally fractal objects, ones in which the dimension is a local property rather than a global…
The domains of mesh functions are strict subsets of the underlying space of continuous independent variables. Spaces of partial maps between topological spaces admit topologies which do not depend on any metric. Such topologies…
Some models of set theory are given which contain sets that have some of the important characteristics of being geometric, or spatial, yet do not have any points, in various ways. What's geometrical is that there are functions to these…
Hanika, Schneider, and Stumme introduced geometric data set as a generalization of metric measure space for the computation of the observable diameter, and extended the observable distance between metric measure spaces to that between…
Urban space is highly heterogeneous, with population and human activities concentrating in localized centers. However, the global organization of such intra-urban centers remains poorly understood due to the lack of consistent, comparable…
A good generalization of the Euclidean dimension to disordered systems and non crystalline structures is commonly required to be related to large scale geometry and it is expected to be independent of local geometrical modifications. The…
Fractal dimension constitutes the main tool to test for fractal patterns in Euclidean contexts. For this purpose, it is always used the box dimension, since it is easy to calculate, though the Hausdorff dimension, which is the oldest and…
Many models of fractal growth patterns (like Diffusion Limited Aggregation and Dielectric Breakdown Models) combine complex geometry with randomness; this double difficulty is a stumbling block to their elucidation. In this paper we…