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Anomaly detection methods generally target the learning of a normal image distribution (i.e., inliers showing healthy cases) and during testing, samples relatively far from the learned distribution are classified as anomalies (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Yu Tian , Gabriel Maicas , Leonardo Zorron Cheng Tao Pu , Rajvinder Singh , Johan W. Verjans , Gustavo Carneiro

Generalizability is seen as one of the major challenges in deep learning, in particular in the domain of medical imaging, where a change of hospital or in imaging routines can lead to a complete failure of a model. To tackle this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Birk Torpmann-Hagen , Vajira Thambawita , Kyrre Glette , Pål Halvorsen , Michael A. Riegler

Besides the complex nature of colonoscopy frames with intrinsic frame formation artefacts such as light reflections and the diversity of polyp types/shapes, the publicly available polyp segmentation training datasets are limited, small and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Yan Wen , Lei Zhang , Xiangli Meng , Xujiong Ye

Colorectal cancer contributes significantly to cancer-related mortality. Timely identification and elimination of polyps through colonoscopy screening is crucial in order to decrease mortality rates. Accurately detecting polyps in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-08 Owen Singh , Sandeep Singh Sengar

Early diagnosis and treatment of polyps during colonoscopy are essential for reducing the incidence and mortality of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). However, the variability in polyp characteristics and the presence of artifacts in colonoscopy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Mobina Mansoori , Sajjad Shahabodini , Jamshid Abouei , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis , Arash Mohammadi

Accurate polyp segmentation during colonoscopy is critical for the early detection of colorectal cancer and still remains challenging due to significant size, shape, and color variations, and the camouflaged nature of polyps. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Shivanshu Agnihotri , Snehashis Majhi , Deepak Ranjan Nayak , Debesh Jha

Colonoscopic Polyp Re-Identification aims to match a specific polyp in a large gallery with different cameras and views, which plays a key role for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in the computer-aided diagnosis. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Suncheng Xiang , Cang Liu , Sijia Du , Dahong Qian

Polyp segmentation within colonoscopy video frames using deep learning models has the potential to automate the workflow of clinicians. This could help improve the early detection rate and characterization of polyps which could progress to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Kerr Fitzgerald , Bogdan Matuszewski

Semantic segmentation has a wide array of applications ranging from medical-image analysis, scene understanding, autonomous driving and robotic navigation. This work deals with medical image segmentation and in particular with accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Alessandra Lumini , Loris Nanni , Gianluca Maguolo

Medical Image Segmentation (MIS) plays a crucial role in medical therapy planning and robot navigation. Prototype learning methods in MIS focus on generating segmentation masks through pixel-to-prototype comparison. However, current…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Guoyan Liang , Qin Zhou , Jingyuan Chen , Zhe Wang , Chang Yao

Accurate detection and segmentation of cancerous lesions from computed tomography (CT) scans is essential for automated treatment planning and cancer treatment response assessment. Transformer-based models with self-supervised pretraining…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-29 Aneesh Rangnekar , Harini Veeraraghavan

Polyp segmentation is still known as a difficult problem due to the large variety of polyp shapes, scanning and labeling modalities. This prevents deep learning model to generalize well on unseen data. However, Transformer-based approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mai Nguyen , Tung Thanh Bui , Quan Van Nguyen , Thanh Tung Nguyen , Toan Van Pham

Most deep-learning-based image classification methods assume that all samples are generated under an independent and identically distributed (IID) setting. However, out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization is more common in practice, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Xin Guo , Zhengxu Yu , Chao Xiang , Zhongming Jin , Jianqiang Huang , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He , Xian-Sheng Hua

Feature shaping refers to a family of methods that exhibit state-of-the-art performance for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. These approaches manipulate the feature representation, typically from the penultimate layer of a pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Qinyu Zhao , Ming Xu , Kartik Gupta , Akshay Asthana , Liang Zheng , Stephen Gould

Colonoscopic Polyp Re-Identification aims to match the same polyp from a large gallery with images from different views taken using different cameras and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Suncheng Xiang , Chengfeng Zhou , Zhengjie Zhang , Shilun Cai , Dahong Qian

Accurate polyp segmentation is of great importance for colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the high cost of producing accurate mask annotations, existing polyp segmentation methods suffer from severe data shortage and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Jun Wei , Yiwen Hu , Guanbin Li , Shuguang Cui , S Kevin Zhou , Zhen Li

Deep neural networks have shown outstanding performance in computer vision tasks such as semantic segmentation and have defined the state-of-the-art. However, these segmentation models are trained on a closed and predefined set of semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Samuel Marschall , Kira Maag

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to discern outliers from the intended data distribution, which is crucial to maintaining high reliability and a good user experience. Most recent studies in OOD detection utilize the information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Hyunsoo Cho , Choonghyun Park , Jaewook Kang , Kang Min Yoo , Taeuk Kim , Sang-goo Lee

Out-of-distribution (OoD) detection and segmentation have attracted growing attention as concerns about AI security rise. Conventional OoD detection methods identify the existence of OoD objects but lack spatial localization, limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Wenjie Zhao , Jia Li , Yunhui Guo

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an indispensable aspect of secure AI when deploying machine learning models in real-world applications. Previous paradigms either explore better scoring functions or utilize the knowledge of outliers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jianing Zhu , Hengzhuang Li , Jiangchao Yao , Tongliang Liu , Jianliang Xu , Bo Han
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