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In the recent years, sub/mm observations of protoplanetary disks have discovered an incredible diversity of substructures in the dust emission. An important result was the finding that dust grains of mm size are embedded in very thin dusty…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Mario Flock , Andrea Mignone

Consistent modeling of protoplanetary disks requires the simultaneous solution of both continuum and line radiative transfer, heating/cooling balance between dust and gas and, of course, chemistry. Such models depend on panchromatic…

We present detections of numerous 10-20 micron H2O emission lines from two protoplanetary disks around the T Tauri stars AS 205A and DR Tau, obtained using the InfraRed Spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope. Follow-up 3-5 micron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 C. Salyk , K. M. Pontoppidan , G. A. Blake , F. Lahuis , E. F. van Dishoeck , N. J. Evans

The formation of circumplanetary disks is central to our understanding of giant planet formation, influencing their growth rate during the post-runaway phase and observability while embedded in protoplanetary disks. We use 3D global…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-22 Leonardo Krapp , Kaitlin M. Kratter , Andrew N. Youdin , Pablo Benítez-Llambay , Frédéric Masset , Philip J. Armitage

Protoplanetary disks observed in millimeter continuum and scattered light show a variety of substructures. Various physical processes in the disk could trigger such features -- one of which that has been previously theorized for passive…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Prakruti Sudarshan , Mario Flock , Alexandros Ziampras , David Melon Fuksman , Tilman Birnstiel

A model is presented which calculates the gas temperature and chemistry in the surface layers of flaring circumstellar disks using a code developed for photon-dominated regions. Special attention is given to the influence of dust settling.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. Jonkheid , F. G. A. Faas , G. -J. van Zadelhoff , E. F. van Dishoeck

Mid-infrared molecular line emission detected with the Spitzer Space Telescope is often interpreted using slab models. However, we need to understand the mid-infrared line emission in 2D disk models, such that we gain information about from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-15 A. J. Greenwood , I. Kamp , L. B. F. M. Waters , P. Woitke , W. -F. Thi

We propose a set of standard assumptions for the modelling of Class II and III protoplanetary disks, which includes detailed continuum radiative transfer, thermo-chemical modelling of gas and ice, and line radiative transfer from optical to…

Protoplanets can interact with their natal disks and generate gas and dust substructures such as gaps and rings. However, how these planet-induced substructures affect the disk temperature, and how that in turn influences the substructures,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-04 Kan Chen , Paola Pinilla , Mihkel Kama

Many protoplanetary disks exhibit annular gaps in dust emission, which may be produced by planets. Simulations of planet-disk interaction aimed at interpreting these observations often treat the disk thermodynamics in an overly simplified…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 Ryan Miranda , Roman R. Rafikov

We construct detailed vertical structure models of irradiated accretion disks around T Tauri stars with interstellar medium dust uniformly mixed with gas. The dependence of the structure and emission properties on mass accretion rate,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Paola D'Alessio , Nuria Calvet , Lee Hartmann , Susana Lizano , Jorge Canto

Current models of binary systems often depend on simplified approach of the radiation field, which are unlikely to accurately capture the complexities of asymmetric environments. We investigate the dynamical and chemical implications of a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Pedro P. Poblete , Nicolás Cuello , Antoine Alaguero , Daniel J. Price , Eleonora Bianchi , Christophe Pinte , François Menard

We present synthetic images of disks around T Tauri stars. We calculate visibility curves in order to study the possibility of directly detecting thermal emission from T Tauri disks. Total fluxes of T Tauri disks are compared to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Malbet , C. Bertout

We study the structure of passively heated disks around T Tauri and Herbig Ae stars, and present a vectorized Monte Carlo dust radiative transfer model of protoplanetary disks. The vectorization provides a speed up factor of 100 when…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Ralf Siebenmorgen , Frank Heymann

A program is outlined, and first results described, in which fully three-dimensional, time dependent simulations of hydrodynamic turbulence are used as a basis for theoretical investigation of the physics of turbulence in stars. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 W. David Arnett , Casey Meakin

We study the PAH emission from protoplanetary disks. First, we discuss the dependence of the PAH band ratios on the hardness of the absorbed photons and the temperature of the stars. We show that the photon energy together with a varying…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Ralf Siebenmorgen , Frank Heymann

We investigate the structure of accretion disks around massive protostar applying steady state models of thin disks. The thin disk equations are solved with proper opacities for dust and gas taking into account the huge temperature…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-17 B. Vaidya , C. Fendt , H. Beuther

Circumstellar disks in binaries are perturbed by the companion gravity causing significant alterations of the disk morphology. Spiral waves due to the companion tidal force also develop in the vertical direction and affect the disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Giovanni Picogna , Francesco Marzari

Understanding the thermal structure of protoplanetary disks is crucial for modeling planet formation and interpreting disk observations. We present a new two-layer radiative transfer model for computing the thermal structure of axisymmetric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Satoshi Okuzumi , Takahiro Ueda , Neal J. Turner

Investigating the evolution of protoplanetary disks is crucial for our understanding of star and planet formation. Several theoretical and observational studies have been performed in the last decades to advance this knowledge. FT Tauri is…