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Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, yet its performance deteriorates under statistical heterogeneity. Clustered Federated Learning addresses this challenge by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mahad Ali , Laura J. Brattain

Federated semi-supervised learning (FSSL), facilitates labeled clients and unlabeled clients jointly training a global model without sharing private data. Existing FSSL methods predominantly employ pseudo-labeling and consistency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Qi Guo , Yong Qi , Saiyu Qi , Di Wu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training of distributed clients while protecting privacy. To enhance generalization capability in FL, prototype-based FL is in the spotlight, since shared global prototypes offer semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Huan Wang , Jun Shen , Haoran Li , Zhenyu Yang , Jun Yan , Ousman Manjang , Yanlong Zhai , Di Wu , Guansong Pang

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm enabling collaborative model training on decentralized devices without exposing their local data. A key challenge in FL is the uneven data distribution across…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Md Sirajul Islam , Simin Javaherian , Fei Xu , Xu Yuan , Li Chen , Nian-Feng Tzeng

Federated learning (FL) is an important technique for learning models from decentralized data in a privacy-preserving way. Existing FL methods usually uniformly sample clients for local model learning in each round. However, different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Tao Qi , Fangzhao Wu , Lingjuan Lyu , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Federated Learning (FL) is a framework which enables distributed model training using a large corpus of decentralized training data. Existing methods aggregate models disregarding their internal representations, which are crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Umberto Michieli , Mete Ozay

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a practical means for privacy-preserving distributed machine learning. FL's versatile design makes it suitable for various training settings, from IoT edge devices in cross-device FL to powerful…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Amir Ziashahabi , Chaoyang He , Salman Avestimehr

Federated learning is a method of training a global model from decentralized data distributed across client devices. Here, model parameters are computed locally by each client device and exchanged with a central server, which aggregates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Sagar Dhakal , Saurav Prakash , Yair Yona , Shilpa Talwar , Nageen Himayat

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) is widely employed in IoT applications to handle high-volume, non-iid client data while ensuring data privacy. However, heterogeneous edge devices owned by clients may impose varying degrees of resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ziru Niu , Hai Dong , A. K. Qin

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging technology that enables the training of machine learning models from multiple clients while keeping the data distributed and private. Based on the participating clients and the model training scale,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Chao Huang , Jianwei Huang , Xin Liu

Federated learning has received great attention for its capability to train a large-scale model in a decentralized manner without needing to access user data directly. It helps protect the users' private data from centralized collecting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Guodong Long , Ming Xie , Tao Shen , Tianyi Zhou , Xianzhi Wang , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

In privacy-preserving mobile network transmission scenarios with heterogeneous client data, personalized federated learning methods that decouple feature extractors and classifiers have demonstrated notable advantages in enhancing learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ming Yang , Dongrun Li , Xin Wang , Feng Li , Lisheng Fan , Chunxiao Wang , Xiaoming Wu , Peng Cheng

The challenge of data scarcity hinders the application of deep learning in industrial surface defect classification (SDC), as it's difficult to collect and centralize sufficient training data from various entities in Industrial Internet of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Jixuan Cui , Jun Li , Zhen Mei , Yiyang Ni , Wen Chen , Zengxiang Li

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model while keeping local data decentralized. Data heterogeneity (non-IID) across clients has imposed significant challenges to FL, which makes local models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yuting He , Yiqiang Chen , XiaoDong Yang , Hanchao Yu , Yi-Hua Huang , Yang Gu

Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm through centralized model aggregation. However, standard federated learning relies on a centralized server, making it vulnerable to server failures. While existing solutions…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hongliang Zhang , Fenghua Xu , Zhongyuan Yu , Shanchen Pang , Chunqiang Hu , Jiguo Yu

Federated Learning (FL) is currently one of the most popular technologies in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) due to its collaborative learning and ability to preserve client privacy. However, it faces challenges such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Lin Li , Niall Higgins , Raj Gururajan , Xujuan Zhou , Jianming Yong

Federated Learning (FL) is an established paradigm for training deep learning models on decentralized data. However, as the size of the models grows, conventional FL approaches often require significant computational resources on client…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Matteo Caligiuri , Francesco Barbato , Donald Shenaj , Umberto Michieli , Pietro Zanuttigh

Federated learning, as a promising distributed learning paradigm, enables collaborative training of a global model across multiple network edge clients without the need for central data collecting. However, the heterogeneity of edge data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xingyan Chen , Tian Du , Mu Wang , Tiancheng Gu , Yu Zhao , Gang Kou , Changqiao Xu , Dapeng Oliver Wu

Clustered federated learning (FL) has been shown to produce promising results by grouping clients into clusters. This is especially effective in scenarios where separate groups of clients have significant differences in the distributions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Saeed Vahidian , Mahdi Morafah , Weijia Wang , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Chen Chen , Mubarak Shah , Bill Lin

Federated learning is a paradigm that enables local devices to jointly train a server model while keeping the data decentralized and private. In federated learning, since local data are collected by clients, it is hardly guaranteed that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Seunghan Yang , Hyoungseob Park , Junyoung Byun , Changick Kim