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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates key limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs)-such as factual errors, outdated knowledge, and hallucinations-by dynamically retrieving external information. Recent work extends this paradigm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jingru Lin , Chen Zhang , Stephen Y. Liu , Haizhou Li

Multi-behavior recommendation faces a critical challenge in practice: auxiliary behaviors (e.g., clicks, carts) are often noisy, weakly correlated, or semantically misaligned with the target behavior (e.g., purchase), which leads to biased…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Miaomiao Cai , Zhijie Zhang , Junfeng Fang , Zhiyong Cheng , Xiang Wang , Meng Wang

Decentralized learning algorithms empower interconnected devices to share data and computational resources to collaboratively train a machine learning model without the aid of a central coordinator. In the case of heterogeneous data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Matteo Zecchin , Marios Kountouris , David Gesbert

Communication enables coordination in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), but many real-world applications, e.g., search-and-rescue with drone swarms, operate under severe bandwidth constraints. Many communication architectures still…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Alexi Canesse , Benoît Goupil , Jesse Read , Sonia Vanier

The inability to communicate poses a major challenge to coordination in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Prior work has explored correlating local policies via shared randomness, sometimes in the form of a correlation device, as a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-12 John Gardiner , Orlando Romero , Brendan Tivnan , Nicolò Dal Fabbro , George J. Pappas

The application of distributed model predictive controllers (DMPC) for multi-agent systems (MASs) necessitates communication between agents, yet the consequence of communication data rates is typically overlooked. This work focuses on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Yujia Yang , Ye Wang , Chris Manzie , Ye Pu

Neural agents trained in reinforcement learning settings can learn to communicate among themselves via discrete tokens, accomplishing as a team what agents would be unable to do alone. However, the current standard of using one-hot vectors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Mycal Tucker , Huao Li , Siddharth Agrawal , Dana Hughes , Katia Sycara , Michael Lewis , Julie Shah

We consider the problem of learning to communicate using multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). A common approach is to learn off-policy, using data sampled from a replay buffer. However, messages received in the past may not accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Sanjeevan Ahilan , Peter Dayan

Large language model (LLM) coding agents increasingly operate over repositories, terminals, tests, and execution traces across long software-engineering episodes. Persistent memory is useful, but static vector stores or generic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mehmet Iscan

We study the convergence in expectation of the Random Coordinate Descent algorithm (RCD) for solving optimal resource allocations problems in open multi-agent systems, i.e., multi-agent systems that are subject to arrivals and departures of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Charles Monnoyer de Galland , Renato Vizuete , Julien M. Hendrickx , Paolo Frasca , Elena Panteley

Prompting has shown impressive success in enabling large pretrained language models (LMs) to perform diverse NLP tasks, especially when only few downstream data are available. Automatically finding the optimal prompt for each task, however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Mingkai Deng , Jianyu Wang , Cheng-Ping Hsieh , Yihan Wang , Han Guo , Tianmin Shu , Meng Song , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

We propose a method for analyzing the distributed random coordinate descent algorithm for solving separable resource allocation problems in the context of an open multiagent system, where agents can be replaced during the process. In…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Charles Monnoyer de Galland , Renato Vizuete , Julien M. Hendrickx , Elena Panteley , Paolo Frasca

Multi-agent cooperative perception (CP) promises to overcome the inherent occlusion and range limitations of single-agent systems in autonomous driving, yet its practicality is severely constrained by limited Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Chenyi Wang , Zhaowei Li , Ming F. Li , Wujie Wen

This paper is concerned with the training of recurrent neural networks as goal-oriented dialog agents using reinforcement learning. Training such agents with policy gradients typically requires a large amount of samples. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Rui Zhao , Volker Tresp

Communication stands as a potent mechanism to harmonize the behaviors of multiple agents. However, existing works primarily concentrate on broadcast communication, which not only lacks practicality, but also leads to information redundancy.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Chuxiong Sun , Zehua Zang , Jiabao Li , Jiangmeng Li , Xiao Xu , Rui Wang , Changwen Zheng

Real-world cooperation often requires intensive coordination among agents simultaneously. This task has been extensively studied within the framework of cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), and value decomposition methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Shanqi Liu , Yujing Hu , Runze Wu , Dong Xing , Yu Xiong , Changjie Fan , Kun Kuang , Yong Liu

Trading off performance guarantees in favor of scalability, the Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) community has recently started to embrace Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), where agents learn to collaboratively generate individual,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Yutong Wang , Bairan Xiang , Shinan Huang , Guillaume Sartoretti

Multi-agent systems built on large language models (LLMs) are expected to enhance decision-making by pooling distributed information, yet systematically evaluating this capability has remained challenging. We introduce HiddenBench, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuxuan Li , Aoi Naito , Hirokazu Shirado

Communication can improve coordination in partially observed multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), but learning \emph{when} and \emph{who} to communicate with requires choosing among many possible sender-recipient pairs, and the effect…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Manav Vora , Gokul Puthumanaillam , Hiroyasu Tsukamoto , Melkior Ornik

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) provides an efficient way for simultaneously learning policies for multiple agents interacting with each other. However, in scenarios requiring complex interactions, existing algorithms can suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xiaobai Ma , David Isele , Jayesh K. Gupta , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer